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Date
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2014-02-25
75.119.201.100
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2024-09-12
75.119.205.211
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HTTP/1.1 200 OKDate: Thu, 12 Sep 2024 23:53:02 GMTServer: ApacheUpgrade: h2Connection: UpgradeLast-Modified: Sun, 23 Nov 2014 17:56:55 GMTETag: 6b59-5088a674a87c0Accept-Ranges: bytesContent-Length: 27481Cache-Control: max-age600Expires: Fri, 13 Sep 2024 00:03:02 GMTVary: Accept-Encoding,User-AgentContent-Type: text/html html>!-- InstanceBegin template/Templates/main.dwt codeOutsideHTMLIsLockedfalse -->head>!-- InstanceBeginEditable namedoctitle -->title>Introduction to Knowledge Modeling and Neural Networks/title>script languageJavaScript>!--function Validator(f){ if (!f.CHOICE0.checked && !f.CHOICE1.checked && !f.CHOICE2.checked){ alert(Please first make your selection); // f.CHOICE0.focus(); return false; } return true;}//-->/script>!-- InstanceEndEditable --> script languageJavaScript>function bookmarkit(){ window.external.addFavorite(http://www.makhfi.com,Makhfi.com ... Artificial Intelligence at its finest !)}function tellfriend(){ popWindow window.open(tellfriend.htm,win,toolbar0,location0,directories0,status0,menubar0,scrollbars0,resizeable0,copyhistory0,height380,width620);}/script>!-- InstanceBeginEditable namehead -->meta namekeywords contentKnowledge Modeling, Knowledge representation, Choice modeling, Neural Networks, Neural Nets, Introduction to ANN, Introduction to Neural Networks, Knowledge Discovery, Artificial Intelligence, predictive analytics, Introduction to AI, Expert System, Learning Machine, Business Intelligence, Forecasting, SVM, MLP, RBF, Prediction>meta namedescription contentFascinating World of Knowledge Modeling and Neural Networks in full blown use>meta namelanguage contenten-us>meta namerating contentSAFE FOR KIDS>meta namedistribution contentGLOBAL>meta nameclassification contentScience>meta namecopyright contentPejman Makhfi>meta nameauthor contentPejman Makhfi>meta namerevisit-after content10 Days>link relshortcut icon hreffavicon.ico typeimage/x-icon>!-- InstanceEndEditable -->link href/makhfi.css relstylesheet typetext/css>/head>body leftmargin0 topmargin0 marginwidth0 marginheight0>table width100% border0 cellspacing0 cellpadding0> tr> td width170 colspan2 valignbottom background/images/header_back.jpg>a href/index.htm>img src/images/logo.jpg altMakhfi.com width170 height37 border0>/a>/td> td aligncenter background/images/header_back.jpg>img src/images/header_img.jpg alt>/td> td width170 background/images/header_back.jpg> /td> /tr> tr> td colspan2 background/images/sub-head_back.gif bgcolor#467DC2>img src/images/sub-head_left.gif alt width22 height36>img src/images/slogan.gif altFascinating World of Neural Nets width137 height36>/td> td valignmiddle background/images/sub-head_back.gif bgcolor#467DC2> /td> td alignright background/images/sub-head_back.gif bgcolor#467DC2>table width165 border0 aligncenter cellpadding0 cellspacing0> tr> td height12>img src/images/top_links_bullet.gif alt width6 height5>a href# classutils onClickbookmarkit()>add to favorites/a>/td> td> /td> td>img src/images/top_links_bullet.gif alt width6 height5>a href# classutils onClicktellfriend()>tell a friend/a>/td> /tr> /table>/td> /tr> tr> td rowspan2 valigntop bgcolor#467DC2>table width170 border0 cellpadding0 cellspacing0 bgcolor#467DC2> tr> td width25 background/images/topbutton_back.gif>img src/images/topbutton_arrow.gif alt width25 height31>/td> td background/images/topbutton_back.gif>a href/index.htm classnav>Home/a>/td> /tr> tr> td background/images/button_back.gif>img src/images/button_arrow.gif alt width25 height31>/td> td background/images/button_back.gif> a href/KCM_intro.htm classnav>Introduction to KCM/a>/td> /tr> tr> td background/images/button_back.gif>img src/images/button_arrow.gif alt width25 height31>/td> td background/images/button_back.gif> a href/why_ann.htm classnav>Why Neural Nets?/a>/td> /tr> tr> td background/images/button_back.gif>img src/images/button_arrow.gif alt width25 height31>/td> td background/images/button_back.gif>a href/tutorial/introduction.htm classnav>Introduction to ANN/a>/td> /tr> tr> td background/images/button_back.gif>img src/images/button_arrow.gif alt width25 height31>/td> td background/images/button_back.gif>a href/realworld.htm classnav>AI in Real World/a>/td> /tr> tr> td background/images/button_back.gif>img src/images/button_arrow.gif alt width25 height31>/td> td background/images/button_back.gif>a href/tools.htm classnav>Tools & Utilities/a>/td> /tr> tr> td background/images/button_back.gif>img src/images/button_arrow.gif alt width25 height31>/td> td background/images/button_back.gif>a href/blog target_blank classnav>Blog Articles/a>/td> /tr> tr> td background/images/button_back.gif>img src/images/button_arrow.gif alt width25 height31>/td> td background/images/button_back.gif>a hrefhttp://www.makhfi.com/cgi-bin/teemz/teemz.cgi target_blank classnav>Discussion Board/a>/td> /tr> tr> td background/images/button_back.gif>img src/images/button_arrow.gif alt width25 height31>/td> td background/images/button_back.gif>a href/resources.htm classnav>Resources/a>/td> /tr> tr> td background/images/button_back.gif>img src/images/button_arrow.gif alt width25 height31>/td> td background/images/button_back.gif>a href/experts.htm classnav>Experts/a>/td> /tr> tr> td background/images/button_back.gif>img src/images/button_arrow.gif alt width25 height31>/td> td background/images/button_back.gif>a href/news.htm classnav>News/a>/td> /tr> tr> td background/images/button_back.gif>img src/images/button_arrow.gif alt width25 height31>/td> td background/images/button_back.gif>a href/events.htm classnav>Events/a>/td> /tr> tr> td background/images/button_back.gif>img src/images/button_arrow.gif alt width25 height31>/td> td background/images/button_back.gif>a href/contact.htm classnav>Contact/a>/td> /tr> tr> td background/images/button_back.gif>img src/images/button_arrow.gif alt width25 height31>/td> td background/images/button_back.gif>a href/nndef.htm classnav>NNDef Toolkit/a>/td> /tr> tr> td background/images/button_back.gif>img src/images/button_arrow.gif alt width25 height31>/td> td background/images/button_back.gif>a href/repository classnav>Knowledge Models/a>/td> /tr> tr> td background/images/button_back.gif>img src/images/button_arrow.gif alt width25 height31>/td> td background/images/button_back.gif>a href/nbank classnav>nBank Project/a>/td> /tr> tr> td colspan2> /td> /tr> /table>/td> td width1 rowspan2 bgcolor#98C2F7>img src/images/spacer.gif alt width1 height1>/td> td colspan2 aligncenter valigntop>/td> /tr> tr> td colspan2 valigntop>table width100% border0 cellspacing0 cellpadding5> tr> td>!-- InstanceBeginEditable namecontent --> div aligncenter> font color#006699 size6 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif>img srcimages/welcome.jpg altKnowledge Modeling width324 height160>/font>/div> table width98% border0 aligncenter> tr> td valignbottom>p alignjustify>font color#333333 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif> Most managers, when asked, will say that their most important asset is their people. Of course, they’re not talking about flesh and bones... they’re talking about minds./font>/p> p alignjustify>font color#333333 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif>We use the term "knowledge" very loosely with dozens of definitions for it, many of which make rather vague distinctions among data, information, knowledge, and intelligence./font>/p> p alignjustify>font color#333333 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif>Here I like to cite A.C. Foskett’s distinction between knowledge and information:br> "Knowledge is what I know, Information is what we know."/font>/p> p alignjustify>font color#333333 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif>Before getting into more detail, I like to establish a common vocabulary and share my definition of related terms, which may vary from other publications./font>/p> p alignjustify>font color#333333 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif>The concept of Intelligence is built upon four fundamental principles: br> Data, Information, Knowledge, and Wisdom or Intelligence./font>/p>/td> td> form action/cgi-bin/vote/vote.cgi methodPOST onSubmitreturn Validator(this)> table width150 border0 alignright cellpadding0 cellspacing0 bgcolor#EDEDED> tr> td width4 alignright valignbottom bgcolor#FFFFFF>img srcpoll_images/top_lcorner.gif alt width4 height10>/td> td width131 backgroundpoll_images/top_shine.gif bgcolor#FFFFFF>img srcpoll_images/top_left.gif alt width13 height18>/td> td colspan3 alignright valigntop backgroundpoll_images/top_shine.gif>img srcpoll_images/spacer.gif alt width1 height18>img srcpoll_images/top_right.gif alt width13 height18>/td> td width4 valignbottom bgcolor#FFFFFF>img srcpoll_images/top_rcorner.gif alt width4 height10>/td> /tr> tr> td rowspan3 backgroundpoll_images/left_line.gif> /td> td colspan4 aligncenter>font color#666666 size-2 faceArial, Helvetica, sans-serif></font>font size-1 faceArial, Helvetica, sans-serif>b> POLL /b>font color#666666 size-2>>/font>/font>/td> td rowspan3 backgroundpoll_images/right_line.gif> /td> /tr> tr> td colspan2 backgroundpoll_images/top_shadow.gif>img srcpoll_images/top_shadow_left.gif alt width9 height9>/td> td colspan2 alignright backgroundpoll_images/top_shadow.gif>img srcpoll_images/spacer.gif alt width1 height9>img srcpoll_images/top_shadow_right.gif alt width9 height9>/td> /tr> tr> td colspan4>table width100% border0 cellpadding0 cellspacing0 bgcolor#D4D4D4> tr> td backgroundpoll_images/title_shadow_top.gif>img srcpoll_images/title_shadow_lcorner.gif alt width3 height5>/td> td backgroundpoll_images/title_shadow_top.gif>img srcpoll_images/spacer.gif alt width1 height5>/td> td alignright backgroundpoll_images/title_shadow_top.gif>img srcpoll_images/title_shadow_rcorner.gif alt width3 height5>/td> /tr> tr> td valigntop>img srcpoll_images/title_shadow_left.gif alt width3 height30>/td> td> table width100% border0 cellspacing0 cellpadding5> tr> td colspan2>p>font size-2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif> How has the general rate of Innovation changed over the last 100 years?/font>/p> p> font size-2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif> input typeradio nameCHOICE value1> Increasedbr> input typeradio nameCHOICE value2> Decreased br> input typeradio nameCHOICE value3> Not changedbr> /font>/p>/td> /tr> tr> td colspan2 aligncenter>input nameSubmit typeimage idSubmit srcpoll_images/vote_button.gif altVote width80 height22 border0>/td> /tr> tr> td colspan2 aligncenter>img srcpoll_images/middle_line.gif alt width144 height6>/td> /tr> tr> td alignright>a href/cgi-bin/vote/vote.cgi?actionview>img srcpoll_images/results_button.gif altResults width67 height22 border0>/a>/td> td>a href/cgi-bin/vote/vote.cgi?actionpoll_list>img srcpoll_images/pastpolls_button.gif altPast Polls width68 height22 border0>/a>/td> /tr> /table>/td> td alignright valigntop>img srcpoll_images/title_shadow_right.gif alt width3 height30>/td> /tr> /table>/td> /tr> tr> td colspan2 backgroundpoll_images/down_line.gif bgcolor#D4D4D4>img srcpoll_images/down_left.gif alt width19 height20>/td> td colspan3 alignright backgroundpoll_images/down_line.gif bgcolor#D4D4D4>img srcpoll_images/down_right.gif alt width17 height20>/td> td alignright backgroundpoll_images/down_line.gif bgcolor#D4D4D4>img srcpoll_images/down_right2.gif alt width4 height20>/td> /tr> /table> /form>/td> /tr> tr> td colspan2>p alignjustify>font color#333333 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif>br> The basic compound for Intelligence is em>data/em> -- measures and representations of the world around us, presented as external signals and picked up by various sensory instruments and organs. Simplified: raw facts and numbers./font>/p> p alignjustify>font color#333333 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif>em>Information/em> is produced by assigning meaning to data relevant to mental objects. Simplified: data in context./font>/p> p alignjustify>font color#333333 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif>em>Knowledge/em> is the subjective interpretation of Information and approach to act upon in the mind of perceiver. br> As such, knowledge is hard to conceive as an absolute definition in human terms./font>/p> p alignjustify>font color#333333 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif>em>Intelligence/em> or wisdom embodies awareness, insight, moral judgments, and principles to construct new knowledge and improve upon existing ones./font> /p> p alignleft>font color#333333 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif>Following Bank example would illuminate the definitions:br> - Data: The numbers 100 or 5, out of contextbr> - Information: Principal amount of money: $100, Interest rate: 5%br> - Knowledge: At the end of Year I get $105 backbr> - Intelligence: Concept of growth/font>/p> p alignjustify>br> font color#333333 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif>We are living in an era of ever-increasing pace of technological advancement.br> Beside increasing the performance and reducing the size, we are left with only one possible progress path . . . a move toward more “knowledgeable machines” (I would rather use the term “knowledgeable” instead of “intelligent” for the next few years!). /font>/p> p alignjustify>font color#333333 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif>The more knowledge available to machines, the more automation can be achieved and the closer we get to true intelligent systems./font>/p> p alignjustify>font color#333333 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif>Nothing is more valuable than putting information to effective use in an automated manner and that can only be achieved by deploying more structural knowledge into our technical life./font>/p> p alignjustify>font color#333333 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif>As such the most important area in computer industry in the coming years would be the means to deal with knowledge as matter, referred to as "Knowledge Modeling"./font>/p> p alignjustify>font color#333333 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif>Knowledge Modeling is the concept of representing information and the logic of putting it to use in a digitally reusable format for purpose of capturing, sharing and processing knowledge to simulate intelligence. Among others it can address business matters such as Agility, Compliance, Consistent Decisioning, Reasoning and Knowledge retention (baby boomers retirement, development going offshore,...).br> Although unbelievable today, I can clearly envision a day when we are able to perform a full-blown modeling of a person’s entire knowledge base. That operation would be referred to as “SoulByting”, which is outside the scope of this website. Now back on earth ... br> br> Following diagram (courtesy of a hrefhttp://www.venturechoice.com/ target_blank>font color#0000FF>VentureChoice.com/font>/a>) illustrates a sample knowledge model for venture capital decision process:/font> p aligncenter> OBJECT classidclsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000 codebasehttp://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version6,0,0,0 WIDTH640 HEIGHT480 ALIGNbottom> PARAM NAMEmovie VALUEvc_model.swf> PARAM NAMEquality VALUEhigh> PARAM NAMEbgcolor VALUE#FFFFFF> EMBED srcvc_model.swf WIDTH640 HEIGHT480 ALIGNbottom qualityhigh bgcolor#FFFFFF TYPEapplication/x-shockwave-flash PLUGINSPAGEhttp://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer>/EMBED> /OBJECT> /p> p alignjustify>font color#333333 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif>br> The most common applications of knowledge modeling are used for education, decision support, alerting and automation. In marketing and consumer research space knowledge modeling is utilized to model the decision process of an individual or segment in a particular context (referred to as Choice Modeling). br> There are already established techniques and methods to facilitate Knowledge Modeling activities, such as data mining for knowledge discovery, collaboration tools and document management systems for Knowledge sharing and rule engines, BPMS and Expert Systems to capture, process, simulate or react the knowledge inquiries./font>/p> p alignjustify>font color#333333 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif> In general, knowledge can be categorized into two distinguishable types: /font>/p> p alignjustify>font color#333333 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif>em>Explicit knowledge -/em> Can be articulated into formal language, including grammatical statements (words and numbers), mathematical expressions, specifications, manuals, etc. Explicit knowledge can be readily transmitted to others.br> This type of knowledge can be easily "modeled" using various computer languages, decision trees and rule engines./font>/p> p>font color#333333 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif>em>Tacit knowledge -/em> Personal knowledge embedded in individual experience and involves intangible factors, such as personal beliefs, perspective, and the value system. Tacit knowledge is hard (but not impossible) to articulate with formal language./font>br> font color#333333 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif>Neural network offers the best possible method for modeling tacit knowledge./font>/p> p alignjustify>font color#333333 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif>br> In the simple form, a Knowledge Model would be designed with the purpose of receiving data produced from various sources and generate outputs that could trigger actions./font>/p> p alignjustify>font color#333333 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif>Knowledge models can be implemented as software applications, hardware components, object library, web-services, and many other forms and shapes using various techniques. The closest natural reassembled technique to human brain for modeling knowledge is Neural Network.br> /font>/p> p aligncenter>font color#000000 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif>As a bridge between academic and business world, MAKHFI.COM intends to help people understand and apply this unimaginably powerful science to their everyday projects.br> /font>/p> /td> /tr> /table> p alignjustify>font color#000000 size2 faceVerdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif> /font>/p> p>a hrefresume/index.htm styletext-decoration: none;>font color#FEFEFE size1>resume/font>/a>/p> !-- InstanceEndEditable -->/td> /tr> tr> td valignmiddle bgcolor#467DC2 classcopyright>div aligncenter>Copyright © 2001-2011 Pejman Makhfi. All rights Reserved./div>/td> /tr> /table>/td> /tr>/table>!-- InstanceBeginEditable namePageEnd -->script typetext/javascript>var gaJsHost ((https: document.location.protocol) ? https://ssl. : http://www.);document.write(unescape(%3Cscript src + gaJsHost + google-analytics.com/ga.js typetext/javascript%3E%3C/script%3E));/script>script typetext/javascript>var pageTracker _gat._getTracker(UA-5607109-3);pageTracker._trackPageview();/script>!-- InstanceEndEditable --> /body>!-- InstanceEnd -->/html>
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