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AlienVault OTX
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DNS Resolutions
Date
IP Address
2017-10-18
208.94.116.138
(
ClassC
)
2025-01-04
172.66.0.70
(
ClassC
)
Port 80
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved PermanentlyDate: Sat, 04 Jan 2025 03:35:24 GMTContent-Type: text/htmlContent-Length: 167Connection: keep-aliveCache-Control: max-age3600Expires: Sat, 04 Jan 2025 04:35:24 GMTLocation: https://www.jdkuo.org/Server: cloudflareCF-RAY: 8fc82dac59bec4dc-SEA html>head>title>301 Moved Permanently/title>/head>body>center>h1>301 Moved Permanently/h1>/center>hr>center>cloudflare/center>/body>/html>
Port 443
HTTP/1.1 200 OKDate: Sat, 04 Jan 2025 03:35:25 GMTContent-Type: text/htmlTransfer-Encoding: chunkedConnection: keep-aliveLast-Modified: Wed, 06 Nov 2024 06:44:08 GMTCache-Control: max-age0Expires: Sat, 04 Jan 2025 03:35:25 GMTVary: Accept-EncodingCF-Cache-Status: DYNAMICServer: cloudflareCF-RAY: 8fc82dad2f99c37c-SEA !DOCTYPE HTML>html langen>head>title>Didi Kuo/title>meta charsetutf-8 />meta nameviewport contentwidthdevice-width,initial-scale1 />meta namecolor-scheme contentlight only />meta namedescription contentDidi Kuo is a Center Fellow at the Freeman-Spogli Institute for International Studies at Stanford University. Her research interests include democratization, political parties, state-building, and the political economy of representation. />meta propertyog:site_name contentDidi Kuo />meta propertyog:title contentDidi Kuo />meta propertyog:type contentwebsite />meta propertyog:description contentDidi Kuo is a Center Fellow at the Freeman-Spogli Institute for International Studies at Stanford University. Her research interests include democratization, political parties, state-building, and the political economy of representation. />meta propertyog:image contenthttps://www.jdkuo.org/assets/images/share.jpg?v933eda7a />meta propertyog:image:type contentimage/jpeg />meta propertyog:image:width content1023 />meta propertyog:image:height content1015 />meta propertyog:url contenthttps://www.jdkuo.org />meta propertytwitter:card contentsummary_large_image />link relcanonical hrefhttps://www.jdkuo.org />link relicon typeimage/png hrefassets/images/favicon.png?v933eda7a />link relapple-touch-icon hrefassets/images/apple-touch-icon.png?v933eda7a />style>@font-face {font-family: Alegreya Sans;font-style: normal;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(assets/fonts/b83b0c2ae0fbb8325dc7463cdfd6207d/8104b5d51f5b82c19508b1447a93c498.woff2) format(woff2);}@font-face {font-family: Alegreya Sans;font-style: italic;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: 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0;background-color: rgba(32,32,32,0.75);text-shadow: none;text-stroke: 0;color: transparent;cursor: pointer;transition: color 0.1s ease-in-out;}spoiler-text.active {color: #FFFFFF;cursor: text;}s {text-decoration: line-through;}sub {font-size: smaller;vertical-align: sub;}sup {font-size: smaller;vertical-align: super;}a {color: inherit;text-decoration: underline;transition: color 0.25s ease;}aonclick:not(href) {cursor: pointer;}unloaded-script {display: none;}#wrapper {-webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;align-items: center;display: flex;flex-direction: column;justify-content: center;min-height: var(--viewport-height);overflow: hidden;position: relative;z-index: 2;}#main {--alignment: center;--flex-alignment: center;--indent-left: 1;--indent-right: 1;--margin-left: auto;--margin-right: auto;--border-radius-tl: 0;--border-radius-tr: 0;--border-radius-br: 0;--border-radius-bl: 0;align-items: center;display: flex;flex-grow: 0;flex-shrink: 0;justify-content: center;max-width: 100%;position: relative;text-align: var(--alignment);z-index: 1;transition: opacity 1s ease 0s,transform 1s ease 0s;}#main > .inner {--padding-horizontal: 3rem;--padding-vertical: 3rem;--spacing: 0.75rem;--width: 74rem;border-radius: var(--border-radius-tl) var(--border-radius-tr) var(--border-radius-br) var(--border-radius-bl);max-width: 100%;position: relative;width: var(--width);z-index: 1;padding: var(--padding-vertical) var(--padding-horizontal);}#main > .inner > header {margin-bottom: var(--spacing);}#main > .inner > footer {margin-top: var(--spacing);}#main > .inner > * > * {margin-top: var(--spacing);margin-bottom: var(--spacing);}#main > .inner > * > :first-child {margin-top: 0 !important;}#main > .inner > * > :last-child {margin-bottom: 0 !important;}#main > .inner > .full {margin-left: calc(var(--padding-horizontal) * -1);max-width: calc(100% + calc(var(--padding-horizontal) * 2) + 0.4725px);width: calc(100% + calc(var(--padding-horizontal) * 2) + 0.4725px);}#main > .inner > .full:first-child {border-top-left-radius: inherit;border-top-right-radius: inherit;margin-top: calc(var(--padding-vertical) * -1) !important;}#main > .inner > .full:last-child {border-bottom-left-radius: inherit;border-bottom-right-radius: inherit;margin-bottom: calc(var(--padding-vertical) * -1) !important;}#main > .inner > .full.screen {border-radius: 0 !important;max-width: 100vw;position: relative;width: 100vw;left: 50%;margin-left: -50vw;right: auto;}#main > .inner > * > .full {margin-left: calc(-3rem);max-width: calc(100% + 6rem + 0.4725px);width: calc(100% + 6rem + 0.4725px);}#main > .inner > * > .full.screen {border-radius: 0 !important;max-width: 100vw;position: relative;width: 100vw;left: 50%;margin-left: -50vw;right: auto;}#main > .inner > .active > .full:first-child {margin-top: -3rem !important;border-top-left-radius: inherit;border-top-right-radius: inherit;}#main > .inner > .active {border-top-left-radius: inherit;border-top-right-radius: inherit;border-bottom-left-radius: inherit;border-bottom-right-radius: inherit;}#main > .inner > .active > .full:last-child {border-bottom-left-radius: inherit;border-bottom-right-radius: inherit;margin-bottom: -3rem !important;}body.is-loading #main {opacity: 0;transform: translateY(1.6875rem);}#main > .inner > header, #main > .inner > footer {transition: opacity 0.25s ease-in-out 0.375s,visibility 0.25s linear 0.375s;}#main > .inner > header.hidden, #main > .inner > footer.hidden {opacity: 0;transition: opacity 0.25s ease-in-out,visibility 0.25s;visibility: hidden;}#main > .inner > section {transition: opacity 0.5s ease-in-out 0.25s,transform 0.5s ease-in-out 0.25s,min-height 0.25s ease-in-out,max-height 0.25s ease-in-out;}#main > .inner > section.inactive {opacity: 0;transition: opacity 0.25s ease-in-out,transform 0.25s ease-in-out;transform: scale(0.94375);}body.is-instant #main, body.is-instant #main > .inner > *,body.is-instant #main > .inner > section > * {transition: none !important;}body.is-instant:after {display: none !important;transition: none !important;}h1, h2, h3, p {direction: var(--site-language-direction);position: relative;}h1 span.p, h2 span.p, h3 span.p, p span.p {display: block;position: relative;}h1 spanstyle, h2 spanstyle, h3 spanstyle, p spanstyle, h1 strong, h2 strong, h3 strong, p strong, h1 a, h2 a, h3 a, p a, h1 code, h2 code, h3 code, p code, h1 mark, h2 mark, h3 mark, p mark, h1 spoiler-text, h2 spoiler-text, h3 spoiler-text, p spoiler-text {-webkit-text-fill-color: currentcolor;}#text04:not(:first-child) {margin-top: 1rem !important;}#text04:not(:last-child) {margin-bottom: 1rem !important;}#text04 {text-transform: uppercase;color: #474747;font-family: Alegreya Sans, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.5rem;width: calc(100% + 0.5rem);font-size: 3em;line-height: 1.375;font-weight: 700;}#text04 a {text-decoration: underline;}#text04 a:hover {text-decoration: none;}#text04 span.p:nth-child(n + 2) {margin-top: 1rem;}#text03:not(:first-child) {margin-top: 2.625rem !important;}#text03:not(:last-child) {margin-bottom: 2.625rem !important;}#text03 {color: #B3B3B3;font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.025rem;width: calc(100% + 0.025rem);font-size: 0.875em;line-height: 1.875;font-weight: 300;}#text03 a {text-decoration: underline;}#text03 a:hover {text-decoration: none;}#text03 span.p:nth-child(n + 2) {margin-top: 1rem;}#text01 {text-transform: uppercase;color: #474747;font-family: Alegreya Sans, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.25rem;width: calc(100% + 0.25rem);font-size: 1em;line-height: 1.875;font-weight: 300;}#text01 a {text-decoration: underline;}#text01 a:hover {text-decoration: none;}#text01 span.p:nth-child(n + 2) {margin-top: 1rem;}#text05:not(:first-child) {margin-top: 2.5rem !important;}#text05:not(:last-child) {margin-bottom: 2.5rem !important;}#text05 {color: #474747;font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.025rem;width: calc(100% + 0.025rem);font-size: 1em;line-height: 1.5;font-weight: 300;}#text05 a {color: #6F8FAF;text-decoration: underline;}#text05 a:hover {text-decoration: none;}#text05 span.p:nth-child(n + 2) {margin-top: 1rem;}#text06:not(:first-child) {margin-top: 1.25rem !important;}#text06:not(:last-child) {margin-bottom: 1.25rem !important;}#text06 {text-transform: uppercase;color: #474747;font-family: Alegreya Sans, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.5rem;width: calc(100% + 0.5rem);font-size: 3em;line-height: 1.375;font-weight: 700;}#text06 a {text-decoration: underline;}#text06 a:hover {text-decoration: none;}#text06 span.p:nth-child(n + 2) {margin-top: 1rem;}#text02:not(:first-child) {margin-top: 1.25rem !important;}#text02:not(:last-child) {margin-bottom: 1.25rem !important;}#text02 {text-transform: uppercase;color: #474747;font-family: Alegreya Sans, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.45rem;width: calc(100% + 0.45rem);font-size: 1.25em;line-height: 1.375;font-weight: 700;}#text02 a {text-decoration: underline;}#text02 a:hover {text-decoration: none;}#text02 span.p:nth-child(n + 2) {margin-top: 1rem;}#text07:not(:first-child) {margin-top: 1.25rem !important;}#text07:not(:last-child) {margin-bottom: 1.25rem !important;}#text07 {text-transform: uppercase;color: #474747;font-family: Alegreya Sans, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.45rem;width: calc(100% + 0.45rem);font-size: 1.25em;line-height: 1.375;font-weight: 700;}#text07 a {text-decoration: underline;}#text07 a:hover {text-decoration: none;}#text07 span.p:nth-child(n + 2) {margin-top: 1rem;}#text08:not(:first-child) {margin-top: 1.25rem !important;}#text08:not(:last-child) {margin-bottom: 1.25rem !important;}#text08 {text-transform: uppercase;color: #474747;font-family: Alegreya Sans, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.45rem;width: calc(100% + 0.45rem);font-size: 1.25em;line-height: 1.375;font-weight: 700;}#text08 a {text-decoration: underline;}#text08 a:hover {text-decoration: none;}#text08 span.p:nth-child(n + 2) {margin-top: 1rem;}.buttons {cursor: default;display: flex;justify-content: var(--flex-alignment);letter-spacing: 0;padding: 0;}.buttons li {max-width: 100%;text-align: var(--alignment);}.buttons li a {align-items: center;justify-content: center;max-width: 100%;text-align: center;text-decoration: none;vertical-align: middle;white-space: nowrap;}#buttons02 {gap: 1rem;flex-direction: row;flex-wrap: wrap;}#buttons02:not(:first-child) {margin-top: 1.25rem !important;}#buttons02:not(:last-child) {margin-bottom: 1.25rem !important;}#buttons02 li a {display: inline-block;width: auto;height: 2.5rem;line-height: calc(2.5rem - 2px);padding: 0 1.25rem;vertical-align: middle;text-transform: uppercase;font-family: Alegreya Sans, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.25rem;padding-left: calc(0.25rem + 1.25rem);font-size: 0.75em;font-weight: 700;border-radius: 0.25rem;direction: var(--site-language-direction);overflow: hidden;text-overflow: ellipsis;transition: color 0.25s ease, background-color 0.25s ease, border-color 0.25s ease;}#buttons02 .button {color: #474747;border: solid 1px #CCCCCC;}#buttons02 .button:hover {border-color: #1CCBD6 !important;color: #1CCBD6 !important;}#buttons03 {gap: 0rem;flex-direction: row;flex-wrap: wrap;}#buttons03:not(:first-child) {margin-top: 0.75rem !important;}#buttons03:not(:last-child) {margin-bottom: 0.75rem !important;}#buttons03 li a {display: inline-flex;width: auto;height: 2.5rem;line-height: 2.5rem;padding: 0 1.25rem;vertical-align: middle;text-transform: uppercase;font-family: Alegreya Sans, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.25rem;padding-left: calc(0.25rem + 1.25rem);font-size: 0.75em;font-weight: 700;border-radius: 0.25rem;transition: color 0.25s ease, background-color 0.25s ease, border-color 0.25s ease;}#buttons03 li a svg {display: block;fill: #474747;flex-grow: 0;flex-shrink: 0;height: 100%;min-width: 18px;width: 1.25em;margin-left: -0.125em;margin-right: calc(0.5em + 0.25rem);transition: fill 0.25s ease;}#buttons03 li a .label {direction: var(--site-language-direction);overflow: hidden;}#buttons03 .button {color: #474747;border: solid 1px #CCCCCC;}#buttons03 .button:hover {border-color: #1CCBD6 !important;color: #1CCBD6 !important;}#buttons03 .button:hover svg {fill: #1CCBD6 !important;}.container {position: relative;}.container > .wrapper {vertical-align: top;position: relative;max-width: 100%;border-radius: inherit;}.container > .wrapper > .inner {vertical-align: top;position: relative;max-width: 100%;border-radius: inherit;text-align: var(--alignment);}#main .container.full:first-child > .wrapper {border-top-left-radius: inherit;border-top-right-radius: inherit;}#main .container.full:last-child > .wrapper {border-bottom-left-radius: inherit;border-bottom-right-radius: inherit;}#main .container.full:first-child > .wrapper > .inner {border-top-left-radius: inherit;border-top-right-radius: inherit;}#main .container.full:last-child > .wrapper > .inner {border-bottom-left-radius: inherit;border-bottom-right-radius: inherit;}#container01 {--alignment: left;--flex-alignment: flex-start;--indent-left: 1;--indent-right: 0;--margin-left: 0;--margin-right: auto;}#container01 > .wrapper {display: inline-block;width: 78rem;background-color: #FFFFFF;}#container01 > .wrapper > .inner {--gutters: 8rem;--padding-horizontal: 4rem;--padding-vertical: 6rem;--spacing: 0.75rem;padding: var(--padding-vertical) var(--padding-horizontal);}#container01.default > .wrapper > .inner > * {margin-bottom: var(--spacing);margin-top: var(--spacing);}#container01.default > .wrapper > .inner > *:first-child {margin-top: 0 !important;}#container01.default > .wrapper > .inner > *:last-child {margin-bottom: 0 !important;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner {flex-wrap: wrap;display: flex;align-items: center;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > * {flex-grow: 0;flex-shrink: 0;max-width: 100%;text-align: var(--alignment);padding: 0 0 0 var(--gutters);}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > * > * {margin-bottom: var(--spacing);margin-top: var(--spacing);}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > * > *:first-child {margin-top: 0 !important;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > * > *:last-child {margin-bottom: 0 !important;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > *:first-child {margin-left: calc(var(--gutters) * -1);}#container01.default > .wrapper > .inner > .full {margin-left: calc(var(--padding-horizontal) * -1);max-width: none !important;width: calc(100% + (var(--padding-horizontal) * 2) + 0.4725px);}#container01.default > .wrapper > .inner > .full:first-child {margin-top: calc(var(--padding-vertical) * -1) !important;border-top-left-radius: inherit;border-top-right-radius: inherit;}#container01.default > .wrapper > .inner > .full:last-child {margin-bottom: calc(var(--padding-vertical) * -1) !important;border-bottom-left-radius: inherit;border-bottom-right-radius: inherit;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div > .full {margin-left: calc(var(--gutters) * -0.5);max-width: none !important;width: calc(100% + var(--gutters) + 0.4725px);}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:first-child > .full {margin-left: calc(var(--padding-horizontal) * -1);width: calc(100% + var(--padding-horizontal) + calc(var(--gutters) * 0.5) + 0.4725px);}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:last-child > .full {width: calc(100% + var(--padding-horizontal) + calc(var(--gutters) * 0.5) + 0.4725px);}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div > .full:first-child {margin-top: calc(var(--padding-vertical) * -1) !important;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div > .full:last-child {margin-bottom: calc(var(--padding-vertical) * -1) !important;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full {align-self: stretch;min-height: 26rem;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full:first-child {border-bottom-left-radius: inherit;border-top-left-radius: inherit;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full:last-child {border-bottom-right-radius: inherit;border-top-right-radius: inherit;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full > .full:first-child:last-child {border-radius: inherit;height: calc(100% + (var(--padding-vertical) * 2));}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full > .full:first-child:last-child > * {border-radius: inherit;height: 100%;position: absolute;width: 100%;}#container01 > .wrapper > .inner > :nth-child(1) {width: calc(50% + (var(--gutters) / 2));--alignment: left;--flex-alignment: flex-start;--indent-left: 1;--indent-right: 0;--margin-left: 0;--margin-right: auto;}#container01 > .wrapper > .inner > :nth-child(2) {width: calc(50% + (var(--gutters) / 2));}#container05 {--alignment: left;--flex-alignment: flex-start;--indent-left: 1;--indent-right: 0;--margin-left: 0;--margin-right: auto;display: flex;width: 100%;align-items: center;justify-content: center;background-color: transparent;}#container05:not(:first-child) {margin-top: 2.5rem !important;}#container05:not(:last-child) {margin-bottom: 2.5rem !important;}#container05 > .wrapper > .inner {--gutters: 0.625rem;--padding-horizontal: 0rem;--padding-vertical: 0rem;--spacing: 0.75rem;padding: var(--padding-vertical) var(--padding-horizontal);}#container05 > .wrapper {max-width: var(--width);width: 100%;}#container05.default > .wrapper > .inner > * {margin-bottom: var(--spacing);margin-top: var(--spacing);}#container05.default > .wrapper > .inner > *:first-child {margin-top: 0 !important;}#container05.default > .wrapper > .inner > *:last-child {margin-bottom: 0 !important;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner {flex-wrap: wrap;display: flex;align-items: center;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > * {flex-grow: 0;flex-shrink: 0;max-width: 100%;text-align: var(--alignment);padding: 0 0 0 var(--gutters);}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > * > * {margin-bottom: var(--spacing);margin-top: var(--spacing);}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > * > *:first-child {margin-top: 0 !important;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > * > *:last-child {margin-bottom: 0 !important;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > *:first-child {margin-left: calc(var(--gutters) * -1);}#container05.default > .wrapper > .inner > .full {margin-left: calc(var(--padding-horizontal) * -1);max-width: none !important;width: calc(100% + (var(--padding-horizontal) * 2) + 0.4725px);}#container05.default > .wrapper > .inner > .full:first-child {margin-top: calc(var(--padding-vertical) * -1) !important;border-top-left-radius: inherit;border-top-right-radius: inherit;}#container05.default > .wrapper > .inner > .full:last-child {margin-bottom: calc(var(--padding-vertical) * -1) !important;border-bottom-left-radius: inherit;border-bottom-right-radius: inherit;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div > .full {margin-left: calc(var(--gutters) * -0.5);max-width: none !important;width: calc(100% + var(--gutters) + 0.4725px);}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:first-child > .full {margin-left: calc(var(--padding-horizontal) * -1);width: calc(100% + var(--padding-horizontal) + calc(var(--gutters) * 0.5) + 0.4725px);}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:last-child > .full {width: calc(100% + var(--padding-horizontal) + calc(var(--gutters) * 0.5) + 0.4725px);}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div > .full:first-child {margin-top: calc(var(--padding-vertical) * -1) !important;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div > .full:last-child {margin-bottom: calc(var(--padding-vertical) * -1) !important;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full {align-self: stretch;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full:first-child {border-bottom-left-radius: inherit;border-top-left-radius: inherit;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full:last-child {border-bottom-right-radius: inherit;border-top-right-radius: inherit;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full > .full:first-child:last-child {border-radius: inherit;height: calc(100% + (var(--padding-vertical) * 2));}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full > .full:first-child:last-child > * {border-radius: inherit;height: 100%;position: absolute;width: 100%;}#container05 > .wrapper > .inner > :nth-child(1) {width: calc(50% + (var(--gutters) / 2));--alignment: left;--flex-alignment: flex-start;--indent-left: 1;--indent-right: 0;--margin-left: 0;--margin-right: auto;}#container05 > .wrapper > .inner > :nth-child(2) {width: calc(50% + (var(--gutters) / 2));--alignment: right;--flex-alignment: flex-end;--indent-left: 0;--indent-right: 1;--margin-left: auto;--margin-right: 0;}#container03 {--alignment: left;--flex-alignment: flex-start;--indent-left: 1;--indent-right: 0;--margin-left: 0;--margin-right: auto;display: flex;width: 100%;min-height: 26rem;align-items: center;justify-content: center;background-color: #FFFFFF;}#container03 > .wrapper > .inner {--gutters: 8rem;--padding-horizontal: 4rem;--padding-vertical: 6rem;--spacing: 0.75rem;padding: var(--padding-vertical) var(--padding-horizontal);}#container03 > .wrapper {max-width: var(--width);width: 100%;}#container03.default > .wrapper > .inner > * {margin-bottom: var(--spacing);margin-top: var(--spacing);}#container03.default > .wrapper > .inner > *:first-child {margin-top: 0 !important;}#container03.default > .wrapper > .inner > *:last-child {margin-bottom: 0 !important;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner {flex-wrap: wrap;display: flex;align-items: center;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > * {flex-grow: 0;flex-shrink: 0;max-width: 100%;text-align: var(--alignment);padding: 0 0 0 var(--gutters);}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > * > * {margin-bottom: var(--spacing);margin-top: var(--spacing);}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > * > *:first-child {margin-top: 0 !important;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > * > *:last-child {margin-bottom: 0 !important;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > *:first-child {margin-left: calc(var(--gutters) * -1);}#container03.default > .wrapper > .inner > .full {margin-left: calc(var(--padding-horizontal) * -1);max-width: none !important;width: calc(100% + (var(--padding-horizontal) * 2) + 0.4725px);}#container03.default > .wrapper > .inner > .full:first-child {margin-top: calc(var(--padding-vertical) * -1) !important;border-top-left-radius: inherit;border-top-right-radius: inherit;}#container03.default > .wrapper > .inner > .full:last-child {margin-bottom: calc(var(--padding-vertical) * -1) !important;border-bottom-left-radius: inherit;border-bottom-right-radius: inherit;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div > .full {margin-left: calc(var(--gutters) * -0.5);max-width: none !important;width: calc(100% + var(--gutters) + 0.4725px);}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:first-child > .full {margin-left: calc(var(--padding-horizontal) * -1);width: calc(100% + var(--padding-horizontal) + calc(var(--gutters) * 0.5) + 0.4725px);}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:last-child > .full {width: calc(100% + var(--padding-horizontal) + calc(var(--gutters) * 0.5) + 0.4725px);}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div > .full:first-child {margin-top: calc(var(--padding-vertical) * -1) !important;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div > .full:last-child {margin-bottom: calc(var(--padding-vertical) * -1) !important;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full {align-self: stretch;min-height: 26rem;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full:first-child {border-bottom-left-radius: inherit;border-top-left-radius: inherit;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full:last-child {border-bottom-right-radius: inherit;border-top-right-radius: inherit;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full > .full:first-child:last-child {border-radius: inherit;height: calc(100% + (var(--padding-vertical) * 2));}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full > .full:first-child:last-child > * {border-radius: inherit;height: 100%;position: absolute;width: 100%;}.image {display: block;line-height: 0;max-width: 100%;position: relative;}.image .frame {-webkit-backface-visibility: hidden;-webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0);display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;overflow: hidden;vertical-align: top;width: 100%;}.image .frame img {border-radius: 0 !important;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;width: inherit;}.image.full .frame {display: block;}.image.full:first-child .frame {border-top-left-radius: inherit;border-top-right-radius: inherit;}.image.full:last-child .frame {border-bottom-left-radius: inherit;border-bottom-right-radius: inherit;}#image02 {text-align: center;}#image02 .frame {width: 22.625rem;height: 27rem;border-color: #474747;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;box-shadow: 0.217rem 0.125rem 0.375rem 0.125rem #E0E0E0;transition: none;}#image02 img {height: 100% !important;object-fit: cover;object-position: top;width: 100% !important;}#image02 .frame img {transition: none;}.list {display: block;}.list ul, .list ol {display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;text-align: var(--site-language-alignment);vertical-align: middle;}.list ul li, .list ol li {direction: var(--site-language-direction);display: flex;position: relative;}.list ul li:before, .list ol li:before {background-repeat: no-repeat;content: ;display: block;flex-grow: 0;flex-shrink: 0;font-variant: normal !important;letter-spacing: 0 !important;order: 1;position: relative;}.list ul li:after, .list ol li:after {content: ;display: block;flex-grow: 0;flex-shrink: 0;order: 2;pointer-events: none;}.list ul li p, .list ol li p {flex-grow: 1;flex-shrink: 1;order: 3;}.list ul li:first-child, .list ol li:first-child {margin-top: 0 !important;}#list01 {color: #474747;font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.025rem;font-size: 1em;line-height: 1.875;font-weight: 300;}#list01 a {color: #6F8FAF;text-decoration: underline;}#list01 a:hover {text-decoration: none;}#list01 ul {width: 100%;}#list01 ul li {margin-top: 0.5rem;}#list01 ul li:after {width: 0.625rem;}#list01 ul li:before {background-image: url(data:image/svg+xml;charsetutf8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20x%3D%220px%22%20y%3D%220px%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2040%2040%22%3E%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%2220%22%20cy%3D%2220%22%20r%3D%2210%22%20fill%3D%22%23999999%22%20%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E);border-radius: 0.25rem;background-position: left 60%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;height: 1.875rem;line-height: 1.875rem;min-width: 0.87890625rem;}#list02 {color: #474747;font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.025rem;font-size: 1em;line-height: 1.875;font-weight: 300;}#list02 a {color: #6F8FAF;text-decoration: underline;}#list02 a:hover {text-decoration: none;}#list02 ul {width: 100%;}#list02 ul li {margin-top: 0.5rem;}#list02 ul li:after {width: 0.625rem;}#list02 ul li:before {background-image: url(data:image/svg+xml;charsetutf8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20x%3D%220px%22%20y%3D%220px%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2040%2040%22%3E%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%2220%22%20cy%3D%2220%22%20r%3D%2210%22%20fill%3D%22%23999999%22%20%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E);border-radius: 0.25rem;background-position: left 60%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;height: 1.875rem;line-height: 1.875rem;min-width: 0.87890625rem;}#list03 {color: #474747;font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.025rem;font-size: 1em;line-height: 1.875;font-weight: 300;}#list03 a {color: #6F8FAF;text-decoration: underline;}#list03 a:hover {text-decoration: none;}#list03 ul {width: 100%;}#list03 ul li {margin-top: 0.5rem;}#list03 ul li:after {width: 0.625rem;}#list03 ul li:before {background-image: url(data:image/svg+xml;charsetutf8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20x%3D%220px%22%20y%3D%220px%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2040%2040%22%3E%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%2220%22%20cy%3D%2220%22%20r%3D%2210%22%20fill%3D%22%23999999%22%20%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E);border-radius: 0.25rem;background-position: left 60%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;height: 1.875rem;line-height: 1.875rem;min-width: 0.87890625rem;}.icons {display: flex;flex-wrap: wrap;justify-content: var(--flex-alignment);letter-spacing: 0;padding: 0;}.icons li {position: relative;z-index: 1;}.icons li a {align-items: center;display: flex;justify-content: center;}.icons li a svg {display: block;position: relative;}.icons li a + svg {display: block;height: 100%;left: 0;pointer-events: none;position: absolute;top: 0;width: 100%;z-index: -1;}.icons li a .label {display: none;}#icons01 {font-size: 1.5em;gap: 1.25rem;}#icons01:not(:first-child) {margin-top: 1.375rem !important;}#icons01:not(:last-child) {margin-bottom: 1.375rem !important;}#icons01 li a {height: 1em;width: 1em;transition: color 0.25s ease, background-color 0.25s ease, border-color 0.25s ease;}#icons01 li a svg {height: 100%;width: 100%;transition: fill 0.25s ease;}#icons01 a svg {fill: #B3B3B3;}#icons01 a:hover svg {fill: #787878 !important;}#icons01 li a + svg {transition: fill 0.25s ease, stroke 0.25s ease;}@media (max-width: 1920px) {}@media (max-width: 1680px) {html {font-size: 13pt;}}@media (max-width: 1280px) {html {font-size: 13pt;}}@media (max-width: 1024px) {}@media (max-width: 980px) {html {font-size: 11pt;}#container01 {--alignment: center;--flex-alignment: center;--indent-left: 1;--indent-right: 1;--margin-left: auto;--margin-right: auto;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner {flex-direction: column-reverse !important;flex-wrap: nowrap !important;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > span {height: 0;margin-top: calc(var(--padding-vertical) * -2);pointer-events: none;visibility: hidden;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > *:first-child {margin-left: 0 !important;padding-bottom: 0 !important;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > * {padding: calc(var(--gutters) * 0.5) 0 !important;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > *:last-child {padding-top: 0 !important;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div > .full {margin-left: calc(var(--padding-horizontal) * -1);width: calc(100% + (var(--padding-horizontal) * 2) + 0.4725px);}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:first-of-type > .full {margin-left: calc(var(--padding-horizontal) * -1);width: calc(100% + (var(--padding-horizontal) * 2) + 0.4725px);}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:last-of-type > .full {margin-left: calc(var(--padding-horizontal) * -1);width: calc(100% + (var(--padding-horizontal) * 2) + 0.4725px);}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div > .full:first-child {margin-top: calc(var(--gutters) * -0.5) !important;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div > .full:last-child {margin-bottom: calc(var(--gutters) * -0.5) !important;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:last-of-type > .full:first-child {margin-top: calc(var(--padding-vertical) * -1) !important;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:first-of-type > .full:last-child {margin-bottom: calc(var(--padding-vertical) * -1) !important;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:last-of-type, #container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:last-of-type > .full:first-child {border-top-left-radius: inherit;border-top-right-radius: inherit;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:first-of-type, #container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:first-of-type > .full:last-child {border-bottom-left-radius: inherit;border-bottom-right-radius: inherit;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:last-of-type, #container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:last-of-type > .full:last-child {border-bottom-right-radius: 0 !important;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:first-of-type, #container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:first-of-type > .full:first-child {border-top-left-radius: 0 !important;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full > .full:first-child:last-child {height: auto;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full > .full:first-child:last-child > * {height: auto;position: relative;width: auto;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full > .full:first-child:last-child.image img {max-height: 35rem;}#container01.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full > .full:first-child:last-child.slideshow .bg {min-height: 35rem;}#container01 > .wrapper > .inner > :nth-child(1) {--alignment: center;--flex-alignment: center;--indent-left: 1;--indent-right: 1;--margin-left: auto;--margin-right: auto;min-height: 100% !important;width: 100% !important;}#container01 > .wrapper > .inner > :nth-child(2) {--alignment: center;--flex-alignment: center;--indent-left: 1;--indent-right: 1;--margin-left: auto;--margin-right: auto;min-height: 100% !important;width: 100% !important;}#container05 {--alignment: center;--flex-alignment: center;--indent-left: 1;--indent-right: 1;--margin-left: auto;--margin-right: auto;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner {flex-direction: column !important;flex-wrap: nowrap !important;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > span {height: 0;margin-top: calc(var(--gutters) * -1);pointer-events: none;visibility: hidden;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > *:first-child {margin-left: 0 !important;padding-top: 0 !important;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > * {padding: calc(var(--gutters) * 0.5) 0 !important;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > *:last-child {padding-bottom: 0 !important;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div > .full {margin-left: calc(var(--padding-horizontal) * -1);width: calc(100% + (var(--padding-horizontal) * 2) + 0.4725px);}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:first-of-type > .full {margin-left: calc(var(--padding-horizontal) * -1);width: calc(100% + (var(--padding-horizontal) * 2) + 0.4725px);}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:last-of-type > .full {margin-left: calc(var(--padding-horizontal) * -1);width: calc(100% + (var(--padding-horizontal) * 2) + 0.4725px);}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div > .full:first-child {margin-top: calc(var(--gutters) * -0.5) !important;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div > .full:last-child {margin-bottom: calc(var(--gutters) * -0.5) !important;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:first-of-type > .full:first-child {margin-top: calc(var(--padding-vertical) * -1) !important;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:last-of-type > .full:last-child {margin-bottom: calc(var(--padding-vertical) * -1) !important;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:first-of-type, #container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:first-of-type > .full:first-child {border-top-left-radius: inherit;border-top-right-radius: inherit;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:last-of-type, #container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:last-of-type > .full:last-child {border-bottom-left-radius: inherit;border-bottom-right-radius: inherit;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:first-of-type, #container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:first-of-type > .full:last-child {border-bottom-left-radius: 0 !important;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:last-of-type, #container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:last-of-type > .full:first-child {border-top-right-radius: 0 !important;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full > .full:first-child:last-child {height: auto;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full > .full:first-child:last-child > * {height: auto;position: relative;width: auto;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full > .full:first-child:last-child.image img {max-height: 35rem;}#container05.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full > .full:first-child:last-child.slideshow .bg {min-height: 35rem;}#container05 > .wrapper > .inner > :nth-child(1) {--alignment: center;--flex-alignment: center;--indent-left: 1;--indent-right: 1;--margin-left: auto;--margin-right: auto;min-height: 100% !important;width: 100% !important;}#container05 > .wrapper > .inner > :nth-child(2) {--alignment: center;--flex-alignment: center;--indent-left: 1;--indent-right: 1;--margin-left: auto;--margin-right: auto;min-height: 100% !important;width: 100% !important;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner {flex-direction: column !important;flex-wrap: nowrap !important;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > span {height: 0;margin-top: calc(var(--gutters) * -1);pointer-events: none;visibility: hidden;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > *:first-child {margin-left: 0 !important;padding-top: 0 !important;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > * {padding: calc(var(--gutters) * 0.5) 0 !important;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > *:last-child {padding-bottom: 0 !important;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div > .full {margin-left: calc(var(--padding-horizontal) * -1);width: calc(100% + (var(--padding-horizontal) * 2) + 0.4725px);}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:first-of-type > .full {margin-left: calc(var(--padding-horizontal) * -1);width: calc(100% + (var(--padding-horizontal) * 2) + 0.4725px);}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:last-of-type > .full {margin-left: calc(var(--padding-horizontal) * -1);width: calc(100% + (var(--padding-horizontal) * 2) + 0.4725px);}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div > .full:first-child {margin-top: calc(var(--gutters) * -0.5) !important;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div > .full:last-child {margin-bottom: calc(var(--gutters) * -0.5) !important;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:first-of-type > .full:first-child {margin-top: calc(var(--padding-vertical) * -1) !important;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:last-of-type > .full:last-child {margin-bottom: calc(var(--padding-vertical) * -1) !important;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:first-of-type, #container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:first-of-type > .full:first-child {border-top-left-radius: inherit;border-top-right-radius: inherit;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:last-of-type, #container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:last-of-type > .full:last-child {border-bottom-left-radius: inherit;border-bottom-right-radius: inherit;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:first-of-type, #container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:first-of-type > .full:last-child {border-bottom-left-radius: 0 !important;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:last-of-type, #container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > div:last-of-type > .full:first-child {border-top-right-radius: 0 !important;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full > .full:first-child:last-child {height: auto;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full > .full:first-child:last-child > * {height: auto;position: relative;width: auto;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full > .full:first-child:last-child.image img {max-height: 35rem;}#container03.columns > .wrapper > .inner > .full > .full:first-child:last-child.slideshow .bg {min-height: 35rem;}}@media (max-width: 736px) {html {font-size: 11pt;}#main > .inner {--padding-horizontal: 1.25rem;--padding-vertical: 1.25rem;--spacing: 0.75rem;}#main > .inner > * > .full {margin-left: calc(-1.25rem);max-width: calc(100% + 2.5rem + 0.4725px);width: calc(100% + 2.5rem + 0.4725px);}#main > .inner > * > .full.screen {margin-left: -50vw;}#main > .inner > .active > .full:first-child {margin-top: -1.25rem !important;}#main > .inner > .active > .full:last-child {margin-bottom: -1.25rem !important;}#text04:not(:first-child) {margin-top: 0.75rem 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c-1.4-0.3-2.7-1.1-3.7-2.3s-1.4-2.6-1.4-4.2v-0.1c1,0.6,2,0.9,3,0.9c-1-0.6-1.5-1.3-2.2-2.4c-0.6-1-0.9-2.1-0.9-3.3s0.3-2.3,1-3.4 c1.5,2.1,3.6,3.6,6,4.9s4.9,2,7.6,2.1c-0.1-0.6-0.1-1.1-0.1-1.4c0-1.8,0.8-3.5,2-4.7c1.2-1.2,2.9-2,4.7-2c2,0,3.6,0.8,4.8,2.1 c1.4-0.3,2.9-0.9,4.2-1.5c-0.4,1.5-1.4,2.7-2.9,3.6C33.8,11.2,35.1,10.9,36.3,10.2L36.3,10.2z/>/symbol>/svg>div idwrapper>div idmain>div classinner>section idhome-section>div idcontainer01 classcontainer columns>div classwrapper>div classinner>div>h1 idtext04>Didi Kuo/h1>h3 idtext01>Center Fellow - Stanford University/h3>p idtext05>span classp>Didi Kuo is a Center Fellow at the Freeman-Spogli Institute for International Studies at Stanford University. Her research interests include democratization, political parties, state-building, and the political economy of representation./span>span classp>She is the author of a hrefhttps://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-great-retreat-9780197664193>em>The Great Retreat: How Political Parties Should Behave - and Why They Don't/em>/a> (forthcoming, Oxford University Press) and em>Clientelism, Capitalism, and Democracy: the Rise of Programmatic Politics in the United States and Britain/em> (Cambridge University Press 2018). Her work has been published in academic journals such as em>Comparative Politics/em>, em>Comparative Political Studies/em>, and em>Perspectives on Politics/em>, as well as em>The Washington Post/em>, em>Democracy Journal/em>, and em>Vox/em>. She was an Eric and Wendy Schmidt Fellow at New America, is a non-resident scholar at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, and is an adjunct fellow at the Niskanen Center. At Stanford's Center on Democracy, Development, and the Rule of Law, she is affiliated with the Program on American Democracy in Comparative Perspective and Program on Capitalism and Democracy./span>span classp>She received a PhD in political science from Harvard University; as a Marshall Scholar, she studied economic history at Oxford University and politics at the University of Essex. She received a BA in political science from Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, her hometown./span>/p>ul idbuttons02 classbuttons>li>a href#research classbutton n01>Research/a>/li>li>a hrefhttps://www.dropbox.com/scl/fi/sopvkw0hlvmzatlse1k35/Kuo-CV-Aug-2024.pdf?rlkeyhq22pc5npidhz46bu7ooj0lmb&st85st152w&dl0 classbutton n02>CV/a>/li>/ul>/div>div>div idimage02 classimage data-positiontop>span classframe>img srcassets/images/image02.jpg?v933eda7a alt />/span>/div>/div>/div>/div>/div>div idcontainer05 classcontainer columns>div classwrapper>div classinner>div>ul idicons01 classicons>li>a classn01 href/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#58323c332d37182b2c39363e372a3c763d3c2d>svg aria-labelledbyicon-title>title idicon-title>Email/title>use xlink:href#icon-c3c8e1063e3b7f84f6b54712741de139>/use>/svg>span classlabel>Email/span>/a>/li>li>a classn02 hrefhttps://www.linkedin.com/in/didi-kuo-b6596762/>svg aria-labelledbyicon-title>title idicon-title>LinkedIn/title>use xlink:href#icon-bf393d6ea48a4e69e1ed58a3563b94a5>/use>/svg>span classlabel>LinkedIn/span>/a>/li>li>a classn03 hrefhttps://twitter.com/didikuo1>svg aria-labelledbyicon-title>title idicon-title>Twitter/title>use xlink:href#icon-0c4db87eff374f0f1ef47f8f043f0132>/use>/svg>span classlabel>Twitter/span>/a>/li>/ul>/div>div>p idtext03>© Joanna Didi Kuo. All rights reserved./p>/div>/div>/div>/div>/section>section idresearch-section>div idcontainer03 classcontainer default>div classwrapper>div classinner>h2 idtext06>Research/h2>p idtext02>Books/p>div idlist01 classlist>ul>li>p>a hrefhttps://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-great-retreat-9780197664193>em>The Great Retreat: How Political Parties Should Behave—And Why they Don't,/em>/a>, forthcoming (2025), Oxford University Press/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttps://www.cambridge.org/core/books/clientelism-capitalism-and-democracy/895ED996F65DAD0F699B854E0481DE7E>em>Clientelism, Capitalism, and Democracy: The Rise of Programmatic Politics in the United States and Britain./em>/a> Cambridge University Press (2018)/p>/li>li>p> a hrefhttps://doi.org/10.1017/S1537592719000616>Review in em>Perspectives on Politics/em>/a> | Review in a hrefhttps://doi.org/10.1111/padm.12619>em>Public Administration/em>/a>/p>/li>li>p> a hrefhttps://player.fm/series/world-class/a-democracy-divided-the-roots-of-our-political-polarization>Democratization and Parties, Freeman-Spogli Institute World Class Podcast/a>/p>/li>/ul>/div>p idtext07>Selected Writing/p>div idlist02 classlist>ul>li>p>What Are Strong Parties? working paper/p>/li>li>p>State Capacity and Public Health: California and COVID-19 (with Andrew Kelly), under review/p>/li>li>p>Political Parties and Democratic Capitalism, in em>Democracy and Capitalism/em>, ed. Scott Miller and Sid Milkis (forthcoming, 2025)/p>/li>li>p>Political Parties and Democratic Norms (with Julia Azari), in em>Placing Political Parties in American Political Development/em>, ed. Jessica Hejny and Adam Hilton (forthcoming, 2025)/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttps://columbialawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Abu_ElHaj_Kuo-Associational_Party_Building_A_Path_To_Rebuilding_Democracy.pdf>Associational Party Building: A Path To Rebuilding Democracy/a> (with Tabatha Abu El-Haj). 2022. em>Columbia Law Review Forum/em>, vol. 122, 127-76/p>/li>li>p>California and Public Health Authority, in em>Who Governs? Emergency Powers in the Time of Covid/em>, 2022. Morris Fiorina and John Ferejohn (eds), Hoover University Press./p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttps://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cuny/cp/pre-prints/content-jcpo_52307>Democratization and the Franchise/a>, 2020. em>Comparative Politics/em> 52(3): 515-532/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttps://doi.org/10.1017/S1537592719001014>Comparing America: Reflections on Democracy Across Subfields/a>. 2019. em>Perspectives on Politics/em> 17(3): 788-800/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttps://books.google.com/books?id_9ePDgAAQBAJ&lpgPP1&dqinauthor%3A%22The%20Hertie%20School%20of%20Governance%22&pgPA43#vonepage&q&ffalse>The Contradictions of Democratic Innovation in the United States/a>, in The Governance Report 2017, ed. Hertie School of Governance. Oxford University Press/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttp://journals.sagepub.com/eprint/TaesZKQmZc2KXVQ7NymB/full>Illicit Tactics as Substitutes: Election Fraud, Ballot Reform and Contested Congressional Elections in the United States, 1860-1930/a>, (with Jan Teorell). 2017. em>Comparative Political Studies/em> 50(5): 665-696/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1111/1758-5899.12228/asset/gpol12228.pdf?v1&tiu1ndgwd&s1c1d6264630ddfd4e6212badd30c4bc53b0184b7>Democracy in America/a> (with Nolan McCarty). 2015. em>Global Politics/em> 6(S1), 49-55/p>/li>/ul>/div>p idtext08>Related Writing/p>div idlist03 classlist>ul>li>p>a hrefhttps://hypertext.niskanencenter.org/p/from-stakeholder-capitalism-to-state>From stakeholder capitalism to state-capacity capitalism/a>, Niskanen Center, 2024/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttps://carnegieendowment.org/2023/06/21/california-s-election-reforms-should-be-model-for-other-states-pub-90014>California's Election Reforms Should Be a Model for Other States/a>, 2023, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttps://democracyjournal.org/magazine/70/why-big-reform-is-possible/>Why Big Reform Is Possible/a>, em>Democracy: A Journal of Ideas/em>, 2023/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttps://www.americanpurpose.com/articles/neoliberalism-the-rise-and-fall/>Neoliberalism: The Rise and Fall/a>, 2021, em>American Purpose/em>/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttps://www.americanpurpose.com/articles/democracy-in-peril/>Democracy in Peril?/a>, 2020, em>American Purpose/em>/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttps://online.ucpress.edu/gp/article-abstract/1/1/18381/114631/Civil-Society-in-the-Neoliberal-Age-Response-to?redirectedFromfulltext>Civil Society in the Neoliberal Age/a>, 2020, em>Global Perspectives/em>/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttps://www.niskanencenter.org/the-politics-of-post-pandemic-education/>The Politics of Post-Pandemic Education/a>, 2021, em>The Niskanen Center/em>/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttps://www.the-american-interest.com/2020/04/20/patronage-and-the-pandemic/>Patronage and the Pandemic/a>, 2020, em>The American Interest/em>/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttps://www.the-american-interest.com/2020/02/29/political-reform-and-american-democracy/>Political Reform and American Democracy/a>, 2020, em>The American Interest/em>/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttps://fsi.stanford.edu/global-populisms/global-populisms-and-their-challenges>Global Populisms and Their Challenges/a> with Anna Grzymala-Busse, Michael McFaul, and Frank Fukuyama, 2020. Stanford Freeman-Spogli Institute for International Studies White Paper./p>/li>li>p> a hrefhttps://www.youtube.com/channel/UCB2X9yR4GZLfrCe4jChIEwg>Video Explainer/a>/p>/li>li>p> a hrefhttps://world-class.simplecast.com/episodes/global-populisms-and-their-threats-to-democracy-with-anna-grzymala-busse-didi-kuo-and-frank-fukuyama>FSI World Class Podcast/a>/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttps://www.newamerica.org/political-reform/reports/political-parties-good-for/>Political Parties: What Are They Good For?/a>, 2019. New America Political Reform Essay Collection./p>/li>li>p> See also a hrefhttps://www.vox.com/polyarchy/2019/6/20/18693373/challenges-to-parties-democracy>Challenges to Parties in the United States and beyond/a>, Vox.com, 2019./p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttp://www.mattklewis.com/?p9949>"How to Fix Liberal Democracy?" Matt Lewis and the News Podcast/a>/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttps://carnegieendowment.org/2019/03/04/making-better-use-of-lessons-from-abroad-for-american-democracy-pub-78483>Making Better Use of Lessons From Abroad For American Democracy (with Thomas Carothers)/a>, 2019, em>Carnegie Endowment for International Peace/em>/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttps://democracyjournal.org/magazine/51/democratic-capitalisms-future/>The Future of Democratic Capitalism/a>, Winter 2019, em>Democracy: A Journal of Ideas/em>/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttp://michiganlawreview.org/reassessing-american-democracy-the-enduring-challenge-of-racial-exclusion/>Reassessing American Democracy: The Enduring Challenge of Racial Exclusion (with Johanna Kalb)/a>. 2018. em>University of Michigan Law Review Online/em> Vol. 117: 55-62./p>/li>li>p> see also a hrefhttps://takecareblog.com/blog/building-inclusive-democracy-through-social-policy>"Building Inclusive Democracy Through Social Policy,"/a> 2018. a hrefhttps://takecareblog.com/blog/building-an-inclusive-democracy-towards-an-action-agenda>Symposium on Inclusive Democracy/a>, em>Protect Democracy/em> and em>Take CareBlog/em>/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttps://www.the-american-interest.com/2018/03/27/paradox-party-polarization/>The Paradox of Party Polarization/a>, 2017, in The American Interest/p>/li>li>p> a hrefhttps://scholars.org/podcast/losing-party>Scholars Strategy Network No Jargon Podcast/a>/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttp://www.the-american-interest.com/2015/10/10/polarization-and-partisanship/>Polarization and Partisanship/a>. em>The American Interest/em>, Nov/Dec 2015/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttp://cddrl.fsi.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/lobbying_and_campagin_finance_report.pdf>Reforming Lobbying and Campaign Finance. A Report of the Program on American Democracy in Comparative Perspective/a>, 2015/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttps://fsi.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/electoral_system_report.pdf>Electoral System Reform in the United States. A Report of the Program on American Democracy in Comparative Perspective, Stanford University/a>, 2014/p>/li>li>p>a hrefhttp://fsi.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/budgeting_report_0.pdf>Comparative Budget Policy: Lessons for the United States. A Report of the Program on American Democracy in Comparative Perspective, Stanford University/a>, 2014/p>/li>li>p>"Culture War? A Closer Look at the Role of Religion, Denomination, and Religiosity in US Public Opinion" (with Shauna Shames and Katherine Levine). In em>Faith, Politics, and Sexual Diversity/em>, ed. David Rayside and Clyde Wilcox. University of British Columbia Press, 2011./p>/li>/ul>/div>ul idbuttons03 classbuttons>li>a href#home classbutton n01>svg aria-labelledbyicon-title>title idicon-title>Arrow Left/title>use xlink:href#icon-fe5d5fdb64e50b34c3e536f93a94c91e>/use>/svg>span classlabel>Back/span>/a>/li>/ul>/div>/div>/div>/section>/div>/div>/div>script data-cfasyncfalse src/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js>/script>script>(function() {var on addEventListener,off removeEventListener,$ function(q) { return document.querySelector(q) },$$ function(q) { return document.querySelectorAll(q) },$body document.body,$inner $(.inner),client (function() {var o {browser: other,browserVersion: 0,os: other,osVersion: 0,mobile: false,canUse: null,flags: {lsdUnits: false,},},ua navigator.userAgent,a, i;a firefox,/Firefox\/(0-9\.+)/,edge,/Edge\/(0-9\.+)/,safari,/Version\/(0-9\.+).+Safari/,chrome,/Chrome\/(0-9\.+)/,chrome,/CriOS\/(0-9\.+)/,ie,/Trident\/.+rv:(0-9+)/;for (i0; i a.length; i++) {if (ua.match(ai1)) {o.browser ai0;o.browserVersion parseFloat(RegExp.$1);break;}}a ios,/(0-9_+) like Mac OS X/,function(v) { return v.replace(_, .).replace(_, ); },ios,/CPU like Mac OS X/,function(v) { return 0 },ios,/iPad; CPU/,function(v) { return 0 },android,/Android (0-9\.+)/,null,mac,/Macintosh.+Mac OS X (0-9_+)/,function(v) { return v.replace(_, .).replace(_, ); },windows,/Windows NT (0-9\.+)/,null,undefined,/Undefined/,null;for (i0; i a.length; i++) {if (ua.match(ai1)) {o.os ai0;o.osVersion parseFloat( ai2 ? 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