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HTTP/1.1 200 OKContent-Length: 43464Content-Type: text/html; charsetutf-8Date: Tue, 17 Sep 2024 17:08:16 GMTServer: Jarvis 1.17.0 !DOCTYPE HTML>html langen idhtml> head> meta charsetUTF-8/>meta nameviewport contentwidthdevice-width, initial-scale1/> title>TryAPL/title> link relshortcut icon hreffavicon.ico> link relstylesheet hrefstyle.css> link relstylesheet hreflib/font-awesome.min.css> script srclib/split.min.js>/script> script srclib/tryapl.js>/script> script srclib/jupyter.js>/script> script srclib/polyfill.min.js?featureses6>/script> script>window.texme { style: plain, renderOnLoad: false, useMathJax: true, protectMath: true }/script> script srchttps://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/texme@1.0.0>/script> /head> body> i accesskeyw onclickhtml.classNamethis.accessKey;localStorage.setItem(darkMode,w);>/i> i accesskeyb onclickhtml.classNamethis.accessKey;localStorage.setItem(darkMode,b);>/i> i accesskeyl onclickpermaLink()>/i> a accesskeyh target_blank hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/#Language/Introduction/Language%20Elements.htm>/a> div idleftPane classsplit> div idtabs> button classtablink accesskey titleWorkspace Data idfileTab onclickshowTab(file) >svg xmlnshttp://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewBox0 0 448 512 height18>path fillcurrentColor dM433.941 129.941l-83.882-83.882A48 48 0 0 0 316.118 32H48C21.49 32 0 53.49 0 80v352c0 26.51 21.49 48 48 48h352c26.51 0 48-21.49 48-48V163.882a48 48 0 0 0-14.059-33.941zM224 416c-35.346 0-64-28.654-64-64 0-35.346 28.654-64 64-64s64 28.654 64 64c0 35.346-28.654 64-64 64zm96-304.52V212c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12H76c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12V108c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h228.52c3.183 0 6.235 1.264 8.485 3.515l3.48 3.48A11.996 11.996 0 0 1 320 111.48z class>/path>/svg>span>File/span>/button> button classtablink accesskeyi titleIntroduction idintroTab onclickshowTab(intro) >svg xmlnshttp://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewBox0 0 576 512 height18>path fillcurrentColor dM280.37 148.26L96 300.11V464a16 16 0 0 0 16 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dM326.612 185.391c59.747 59.809 58.927 155.698.36 214.59-.11.12-.24.25-.36.37l-67.2 67.2c-59.27 59.27-155.699 59.262-214.96 0-59.27-59.26-59.27-155.7 0-214.96l37.106-37.106c9.84-9.84 26.786-3.3 27.294 10.606.648 17.722 3.826 35.527 9.69 52.721 1.986 5.822.567 12.262-3.783 16.612l-13.087 13.087c-28.026 28.026-28.905 73.66-1.155 101.96 28.024 28.579 74.086 28.749 102.325.51l67.2-67.19c28.191-28.191 28.073-73.757 0-101.83-3.701-3.694-7.429-6.564-10.341-8.569a16.037 16.037 0 0 1-6.947-12.606c-.396-10.567 3.348-21.456 11.698-29.806l21.054-21.055c5.521-5.521 14.182-6.199 20.584-1.731a152.482 152.482 0 0 1 20.522 17.197zM467.547 44.449c-59.261-59.262-155.69-59.27-214.96 0l-67.2 67.2c-.12.12-.25.25-.36.37-58.566 58.892-59.387 154.781.36 214.59a152.454 152.454 0 0 0 20.521 17.196c6.402 4.468 15.064 3.789 20.584-1.731l21.054-21.055c8.35-8.35 12.094-19.239 11.698-29.806a16.037 16.037 0 0 0-6.947-12.606c-2.912-2.005-6.64-4.875-10.341-8.569-28.073-28.073-28.191-73.639 0-101.83l67.2-67.19c28.239-28.239 74.3-28.069 102.325.51 27.75 28.3 26.872 73.934-1.155 101.96l-13.087 13.087c-4.35 4.35-5.769 10.79-3.783 16.612 5.864 17.194 9.042 34.999 9.69 52.721.509 13.906 17.454 20.446 27.294 10.606l37.106-37.106c59.271-59.259 59.271-155.699.001-214.959z class>/path>/svg>span>Links/span>/button> button classtablink accesskey titleAbout the techology used idhelpTab onclickshowTab(help) >svg xmlnshttp://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewBox0 0 512 512 height18>path fillcurrentColor dM504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z class>/path>/svg>span>Help/span>/button> /div> div classcontent idintro> h1>Got a minute? — Try APL!/h1> APL is an array-oriented programming language that will change the way you think about problems and data. With a powerful, concise syntax, it lets you develop shorter programs that enable you to think more about the problem youre trying to solve than how to express it to a computer. br>br>TryAPL runs on Dyalog, which you can a target_blank hrefhttps://dyalog.com/download-zone.htm>download for free/a>, or try it now by entering an expression (use the language bar above to type the special APL symbols), or clicking one of these expressions, followed by kbd>Enter/kbd>, to see it in action: table classhiTable> tr> td>code classapl>2 + 2/code>/td> td>No points for guessing this/td> /tr> tr> td>code classapl>4 2 3 + 8 5 7/code>/td> td>Functions apply to arrays/td> /tr> /table> hr> table classhiTable> tr> td>code classapl>⍳10/code>/td> td>Generate the first ten integers/td> /tr> tr> td>code classapl>+/⍳100000/code>/td> td>Sum the first 100 000 integers/td> /tr> tr> td>code classapl>×/⍳10/code>/td> td>A long, slow way to write code classapl>!10/code>/td> /tr> /table> hr> table classhiTable> tr> td>code classapl>Avg←{(+⌿⍵)÷≢⍵}/code>/td> td>Average is the sum divided by the count/td> /tr> tr> td>code classapl>Avg 1 6 3 4/code>/td> td>… and apply it/td> /tr> /table> hr> table classhiTable> tr> td>code classapl>throws←?10000⍴6/code>/td> td>Store 10 000 dice throws/td> /tr> tr> td>code classapl>+/1throws/code>/td> td>Of 10 000 throws, how many 1s?/td> /tr> tr> td>code classapl>+/(⍳6)∘.throws/code>/td> td>Frequency of all 6 possibilities/td> /tr> /table> hr> table classhiTable> tr> td>code classapl>Hello, World!/code>/td> td>Not just about maths!/td> /tr> tr> td>code classapl>{⍺,≢⍵}⌸Mississippi/code>/td> td>See?/td> /tr> /table> h2 idwhat>What can APL do for you?/h2> Are you a Problem Solver (a domain or subject matter expert with problems to solve) or a Programmer (someone who translates those solutions into a computer-executable format)? Problem Solvers benefit from APLs ability to concisely express advanced concepts without getting bogged down with a lot of computerese syntax. Programmers benefit from APLs productivity and brevity. Shorter programs means quicker development time and less code to maintain and debug. br>br> In either case, concepts that take several lines of code in other languages can often be reduced to a few characters in APL. Youll quickly find that APLs symbols are organized in a logical, mnemonic manner that makes it easy to express advanced concepts clearly and concisely, and makes it easy to learn too. Move to the a href# onclicklearnTab.click()>Learn/a> tab and get started or visit the a href# onclickprimerTab.click()>Primer/a> tab to explore on your own!! br/>br/>/div> div classcontent grid idlearn data-in_notebookno> div idloadnb> h1>Interactive lessons/h1> We use the Jupyter Notebook format to provide interactive lessons. a href# onclickhelpTab.click();help.scrollTo(0,limitations.offsetTop-help.offsetTop)>Limitations apply./a> For full functionality, a target_blank hrefhttps://dyalog.com/download-zone.htm>download Dyalog APL/a> for free. p classurlInputGroup> input typetext placeholderJupyter Notebook URL idnbURL classinURL/> button classrun onclicknbLoad(#nbURL)>svg xmlnshttps://www.w3.org/2000/svg height24 viewBox0 0 24 24 width24>path dM0 0h24v24H0V0z fillnone/>path dM10 8.64L15.27 12 10 15.36V8.64M8 5v14l11-7L8 5z/>/svg>/button> /p> div idnbErrorDiv classerrorDiv> span idnbError classerrorSpan>svg xmlnshttp://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewBox0 0 576 512 width12 height12>path fillcurrentColor dM569.517 440.013C587.975 472.007 564.806 512 527.94 512H48.054c-36.937 0-59.999-40.055-41.577-71.987L246.423 23.985c18.467-32.009 64.72-31.951 83.154 0l239.94 416.028zM288 354c-25.405 0-46 20.595-46 46s20.595 46 46 46 46-20.595 46-46-20.595-46-46-46zm-43.673-165.346l7.418 136c.347 6.364 5.609 11.346 11.982 11.346h48.546c6.373 0 11.635-4.982 11.982-11.346l7.418-136c.375-6.874-5.098-12.654-11.982-12.654h-63.383c-6.884 0-12.356 5.78-11.981 12.654z class>/path>/svg>/i> Load failed!/span> /div> div idlessonList onclicknbFill(event.target)> h3 idbasics>Basics/h3> a data-urlhttps://github.com/Dyalog/dyalog-jupyter-notebooks/blob/master/Using the TryAPL Tutorials.ipynb>Using the TryAPL Tutorials/a> a data-urlhttps://github.com/Dyalog/dyalog-jupyter-notebooks/blob/master/APL Expressions.ipynb>APL Expressions/a> a data-urlhttps://github.com/Dyalog/dyalog-jupyter-notebooks/blob/master/Arrays.ipynb>Arrays/a> a data-urlhttps://github.com/Dyalog/dyalog-jupyter-notebooks/blob/master/Functions.ipynb>Functions/a> h3 idcloser>Closer Looks/h3> a data-urlhttps://github.com/Dyalog/dyalog-jupyter-notebooks/blob/master/Arithmetic Functions.ipynb>Arithmetic Functions: code>+/code> code>-/code> code>×/code> code>÷/code> code>*/code> code>⍟/code> code>⌈/code> code>⌊/code> code>|/code>/a> a data-urlhttps://github.com/Dyalog/dyalog-jupyter-notebooks/blob/master/Grading and Sorting.ipynb>Grading and Sorting: code>⍋/code> code>⍒/code>/a> a data-urlhttps://github.com/Dyalog/dyalog-jupyter-notebooks/blob/master/Modifying Rank and Depth.ipynb>Modifying Rank and Depth: code>↑/code> code>↓/code> code>⊂/code> code>⊃/code>/a> a data-urlhttps://github.com/Dyalog/dyalog-jupyter-notebooks/blob/master/Random Numbers.ipynb>Random Numbers: code>?/code>/a> a data-urlhttps://github.com/Dyalog/dyalog-jupyter-notebooks/blob/master/Boolean Functions and Boolean Algebra.ipynb>Boolean Functions and Boolean Algebra: code>∧/code> code>∨/code> code>⍱/code> code>⍲/code> etc./a> a data-urlhttps://github.com/Dyalog/dyalog-jupyter-notebooks/blob/master/Comparison Functions.ipynb>Comparison Functions: code></code> code>≤/code> code>/code> code>≥/code> code>>/code> code>≠/code>/a> a data-urlhttps://github.com/Dyalog/dyalog-jupyter-notebooks/blob/master/Reduce and Scan.ipynb>Reduce and Scan: code>//code> code>\/code>/a> !---h3>Highlights of Recent Releases/h3> a data-urlhttps://github.com/Dyalog/dyalog-jupyter-notebooks/blob/master/New in v14.ipynb>New in version 14.0/a> a data-urlhttps://github.com/Dyalog/dyalog-jupyter-notebooks/blob/master/New in v15.ipynb>New in version 15.0/a> a data-urlhttps://github.com/Dyalog/dyalog-jupyter-notebooks/blob/master/New in v16.ipynb>New in version 16.0/a> a data-urlhttps://github.com/Dyalog/dyalog-jupyter-notebooks/blob/master/New in v17.ipynb>New in version 17.0/a> ---> h3 idfurther>Further Explorations/h3> a data-urlhttps://github.com/Dyalog/dyalog-jupyter-notebooks/blob/master/Conways Game of Life.ipynb>Conways Game of Life/a> a data-urlhttps://github.com/Dyalog/dyalog-jupyter-notebooks/blob/master/Lookup Without Replacement.ipynb>Lookup Without Replacement/a> a data-urlhttps://github.com/Dyalog/dyalog-jupyter-notebooks/blob/master/Sudoku Solver.ipynb>Sudoku Solver/a> /div> /div> div idmdrender>/div> div classhidden idlearnButtons>p idlessonFN>Viewing lesson:/p>button ids accesskeys idnbclose onclicknbClose() titleStop lesson>svg xmlnshttps://www.w3.org/2000/svg height24 viewBox0 0 24 24 width24>path dM12 5.69l5 4.5V18h-2v-6H9v6H7v-7.81l5-4.5M12 3L2 12h3v8h6v-6h2v6h6v-8h3L12 3z/>/svg>/button>button idr accesskeyr onclicknbReload() titleRestart lesson>svg classflip xmlnshttps://www.w3.org/2000/svg enable-backgroundnew 0 0 24 24 height24 viewBox0 0 24 24 width24>rect fillnone height24 width24/>rect fillnone height24 width24/>rect fillnone height24 width24/>path dM12,5V1L7,6l5,5V7c3.31,0,6,2.69,6,6s-2.69,6-6,6s-6-2.69-6-6H4c0,4.42,3.58,8,8,8s8-3.58,8-8S16.42,5,12,5z/>/svg>/button>button idp accesskeyp onclicknbNext(0) titlePrevious step>svg classflip xmlnshttps://www.w3.org/2000/svg height24 viewBox0 0 24 24 width24>path dM14 8.83L17.17 12 14 15.17V14H6v-4h8V8.83M12 4v4H4v8h8v4l8-8-8-8z/>/svg>/button>button idn accesskeyn onclicknbNext(1) titleNext step>svg xmlnshttps://www.w3.org/2000/svg height24 viewBox0 0 24 24 width24>path dM14 8.83L17.17 12 14 15.17V14H6v-4h8V8.83M12 4v4H4v8h8v4l8-8-8-8z/>/svg>/button>/div> br/>/div> div classcontent idprimer> h1>Cheat Sheet/h1> h2 idprimitives>Primitives/h2> Use the language bar above to insert glyphs. Click on a glyph below to print basic usage and how to type it. Enter code classapl>help /code> followed by a symbol for details; for example code classapl>help +/code>. div idprimerGlyphs onclickglyphHelp(event.target.value)> h4>Mathematics/h4> input typebutton value+> input typebutton value-> input typebutton value×> input typebutton value÷> input typebutton value⌈> input typebutton value⌊> input typebutton value*> input typebutton value!> input typebutton value|> input typebutton value⍟> input typebutton value○> input typebutton value⌹> input typebutton value⊥> input typebutton value⊤> input typebutton value?> h4>Logic and Comparison/h4> input typebutton value~> input typebutton value∧> input typebutton value∨> input typebutton value⍲> input typebutton value⍱> input typebutton value> input typebutton value>> input typebutton value≤> input typebutton value≥> input typebutton value> input typebutton value≠> input typebutton value≡> input typebutton value≢> h4>Structural/h4> input typebutton value⍴> input typebutton value,> input typebutton value⍪> input typebutton value⌽> input typebutton value⊖> input typebutton value⍉> input typebutton value↑> input typebutton value↓> input typebutton value⊂> input typebutton value⊆> input typebutton value≡> input typebutton value∊> h4>Selection and Set Operations/h4> input typebutton value⌷> input typebutton value⊃> input typebutton value/> input typebutton value⌿> input onclickglyphHelp(\\); typebutton value\> input typebutton value⍀> input typebutton value~> input typebutton value≠> input typebutton value∪> input typebutton value∩> input typebutton value⊣> input typebutton value⊢> h4>Search and Ordering/h4> input typebutton value⍳> input typebutton value⍸> input typebutton value∊> input typebutton value⍷> input typebutton value⍋> input typebutton value⍒> h4>Operators/h4> input typebutton value¨> input typebutton value⍨> input typebutton value⍣> input typebutton value.> input typebutton value∘> input typebutton value/> input typebutton value\> input typebutton value⌿> input typebutton value⍀> input typebutton value⌸> input typebutton value⍤> input typebutton value⍥> input typebutton value⌺> input typebutton value@> input typebutton value⍠> h4>Miscellaneous/h4> input typebutton value¯> !-- input typebutton value> input typebutton value→/>sup>(1)/sup> --> input typebutton value←> input typebutton value⍬> input typebutton value⍎> input typebutton value⍕> input typebutton value⋄> input typebutton value⍝> input typebutton value∇> input typebutton value⍺> input typebutton value⍵> !-- input typebutton value⎕>sup>(1)/sup> input typebutton value⍞>sup>(1)/sup> input typebutton value> input typebutton value{}> ol> li>On TryAPL: output only /ol>--> /div> h2 idadditional>Additional features/h2>The below subset of Dyalogs functionality is also supported in TryAPL. Enter for example code classapl>help display/code> for details:h3>Listing/h3>!--code classapl>Defs /code> display single-line function and operator definitionsbr />-->code classapl>Display ⍳2 3/code> fully visualise arrays structurebr />code classapl>)VARS /code> list variable namesbr />code classapl>)FNS /code> list function namesbr />code classapl>)OPS /code> list operator namesh3>Undoing Assignments/h3>code classapl>)CLEAR /code> clear workspacebr />code classapl>)ERASE /code> name delete name(s)br />script>inst>{session.focus()ssession.selectionStartnt.innerText.trim()session.valuesession.value.slice(0,session.selectionStart) +n +session.value.slice(session.selectionEnd) session.selectionStart(session.selectionEnds+n.length) session.focus()}/script>h3>Settings/h3>code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕CT /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/ct.htm target_blank>Comparison Tolerance/a>br />code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕DIV /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/div.htm target_blank>Division Method/a>br />code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕FR /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/ct.htm target_blank>Floating-Point Representation/a>br />code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕IO /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/io.htm target_blank>Index Origin/a>br />code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕PP /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/pp.htm target_blank>Print Precision/a>br />code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕RL /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/rl.htm target_blank>Random Link/a>h3>Definition/h3>code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕AT /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/at.htm target_blank>Attributes/a>br />code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕CR /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/cr.htm target_blank>Canonical Representation/a>br />code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕FX /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/fx.htm target_blank>Fix Definition/a>br />code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕NR /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/nr.htm target_blank>Nested Representation/a>br />code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕VR /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/vr.htm target_blank>Vector Representation/a>br />h3>Information/h3>code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕DR /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/dr.htm target_blank>Data Representation/a>br />code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕NC /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/nc.htm target_blank>Name Class/a>br />code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕NL /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/nl.htm target_blank>Name List/a>br />code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕SIZE /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/size.htm target_blank>Size of Object/a>br />code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕TS /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/ts.htm target_blank>Time Stamp/a>h3>Text Manipulation/h3>code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕C /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/c.htm target_blank>Case Convert/a>br />code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕FMT /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/fmt.htm target_blank>Format/a>br />code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕R /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/r.htm target_blank>Replace/a>br />code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕S /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/s.htm target_blank>Search/a>br />code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕VFI /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/vfi.htm target_blank>Verify & Fix Input/a>h3>Data Conversion/h3>code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕DR /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/dr.htm target_blank>Data Representation/a>br />code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕DT /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/dt.htm target_blank>Date-time Convert/a>br />code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕JSON /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/json.htm target_blank>JSON Convert/a>br />code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕UCS /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/ucs.htm target_blank>Unicode Convert/a>br />code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕XML /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/xml.htm target_blank>XML Convert/a>h3>Other/h3>code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕A /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/a.htm target_blank>Alphabetic Characters/a>br />code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕D /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/d.htm target_blank>Digits/a>br />code classapl onclickins(this)>⎕DL /code> a hrefhttps://help.dyalog.com/latest/Content/Language/System%20Functions/dl.htm target_blank>Delay/a>br /> br/>/div> div classcontent idlinks> h1>Useful links/h1> h2 idwiki>APL Wiki/h2> Most information is available on the a target_blank hrefhttps://aplwiki.com>APL Wiki/a>, for example: ul> li>a target_blank hrefhttps://aplwiki.com/wiki/Learning_resources>Learning resources/a>/li> li>a target_blank hrefhttps://aplwiki.com/wiki/Running_APL>How to run APL/a>/li> li>a target_blank hrefhttps://aplwiki.com/wiki/Documentation_suites>Online documentation/a>/li> /ul> h2 idgethelp>Getting help/h2> Having trouble? You might find your question already answered on: ul> li>a target_blank hrefhttps://aplcart.info/>APLcart/a>/li> li>a target_blank hrefhttps://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/apl>Stack Overflow/a>/li> /ul> If that didnt do it, just get in touch with the welcoming community: ul> li>Chat in a target_blank hrefhttps://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/52405/the-apl-orchard>the APL Orchard/a>, a very active chat room/li> li>a target_blank hrefhttps://stackoverflow.com/questions/ask?tagsapl>Ask a question/a> on Stack Overflow/li> li>Post on a target_blank hrefhttps://forums.dyalog.com/>the Dyalog Forums/a>/li> li>Ask on the a target_blank hrefhttps://www.reddit.com/r/apljk/>r/apljk/a> subreddit/li> li>Dyalog social media: a hrefhttps://www.twitter.com/DyalogAPL target_blank>Twitter/a>, a hrefhttps://www.facebook.com/DyalogAPL target_blank>Facebook/a>, a hrefhttps://www.linkedin.com/company/dyalog-ltd- target_blank>LinkedIn/a> /ul> h2 idvideos>Recommended videos/h2> There are lots of good APL videos out there, including these hand-picked masterpieces: ul> li>a target_blank hrefhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?va9xAKttWgP4>Conways Game of Life in APL/a>/li> li>a target_blank hrefhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?vX3bv4Iu1aEg>Palindromic Expression for Phi in APL/a>/li> li>a target_blank hrefhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?vDmT80OseAGs>A Sudoku Solver in APL/a>/li> li>a target_blank hrefhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v_DTpQ4Kk2wA>APL demonstration 1975/a>/li> li>a target_blank hrefhttps://www.infoq.com/presentations/Why-APL-is-Still-Cool>Why APL Is Still Cool/a> (at QCon 2011)/li> li>a target_blank hrefhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?vv7Mt0GYHU9A>Design Patterns vs Anti pattern in APL/a> (at FnConf17)/li> li>a target_blank hrefhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?vPlM9BXfu7UY>Pragmatic Functional Programming/a> with Dyalogs CTO (Talks at Google, 2015)/a>/li> li>a target_blank hrefhttps://dyalog.tv/>Dyalog TV/a> (webinars and user meetings) /p> /ul> /div> div classcontent idhelp> h1>Help and About/h1> h2>Primitives/h2> Use the language bar above to insert glyphs. Click on a glyph in the a href# onclickshowTab(Primer);>Primer tab/a> to print basic usage and how to type it. Enter code classapl>help/code> followed by a symbol for details; for example code classapl>help +/code>. br>br> Use the language bar above to insert glyphs. Hovering over a symbol in the language bar, or clicking on it in the a href# onclickshowTab(Primer);>Primer tab/a>, will show: ul idlbInfo> li>The APL symbol./li> li>The common names for the concepts that the symbol represents./li> li>The symbols strong>Tab/strong> input method: Enter two symbols, then press kbd>Tab svg xmlnshttp://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewBox0 0 512 512 classflip width12 height12>path fillcurrentColor dM0 168v-16c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h360V80c0-21.367 25.899-32.042 40.971-16.971l80 80c9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.941l-80 80C409.956 271.982 384 261.456 384 240v-48H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24zm488 152H128v-48c0-21.314-25.862-32.08-40.971-16.971l-80 80c-9.372 9.373-9.372 24.569 0 33.941l80 80C102.057 463.997 128 453.437 128 432v-48h360c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24v-16c0-13.255-10.745-24-24-24z>/path>/svg>/kbd> to combine them. For example, kbd classl></kbd>kbd classl>-/kbd>kbd>Tab svg xmlnshttp://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewBox0 0 512 512 classflip width12 height12>path fillcurrentColor dM0 168v-16c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h360V80c0-21.367 25.899-32.042 40.971-16.971l80 80c9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.941l-80 80C409.956 271.982 384 261.456 384 240v-48H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24zm488 152H128v-48c0-21.314-25.862-32.08-40.971-16.971l-80 80c-9.372 9.373-9.372 24.569 0 33.941l80 80C102.057 463.997 128 453.437 128 432v-48h360c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24v-16c0-13.255-10.745-24-24-24z>/path>/svg>/kbd> yields the code classl>←/code> symbol./li> li>The symbols strong>Prefix/strong> input method: Press any one of the prefix keys kbd classl>`/kbd>, kbd classl>§/kbd>, kbd classl>°/kbd>, kbd classl>²/kbd>, kbd classl>µ/kbd>, kbd classl styletext-decoration:line-through>º/kbd>, kbd classl>½/kbd> or kbd classl>ù/kbd>, and then the key according to the en-US keyboard diagram a hrefhttps://dfns.dyalog.com/n_keyboards.htm classkbd target_blank>here/a>./li> /ul> More information on entering APL symbols using your keyboard can be found on a target_blank hrefhttps://aplwiki.com/wiki/Typing_glyphs>the APL Wiki/a>. h2 idkeys>Shortcut keys/h2> table classcreditsTable> tr>td>kbd>Enter/kbd>/td>td>Execute current line/td>/tr> tr>td>kbd>Shift/kbd>+kbd>Escape/kbd>/td>td>Clear current line/td>/tr> tr>td>kbd>Ctrl/kbd>+kbd>Shift/kbd>+kbd>Backspace/kbd> or kbd>Alt/kbd>+kbd>Up/kbd>/td>td>Previous input/td>/tr> tr>td>kbd>Ctrl/kbd>+kbd>Shift/kbd>+kbd>Enter/kbd> or kbd>Alt/kbd>+kbd>Down/kbd>/td>td>Next input/td>/tr> /table> table classcreditsTable> tr>td>Access-key kbd classl>h/kbd>/td>td>Open language u>h/u>elp/td>/tr> tr>td>Access-key kbd classl>z/kbd>/td>td>u>Z/u>oom right pane/td>/tr> tr>td>Access-key kbd classl>l/kbd>/td>td>Permau>l/u>ink in URL bar/td>/tr> tr>td>Access-key kbd classl>b/kbd>/td>td>Use u>b/u>lack theme/td>/tr> tr>td>Access-key kbd classl>w/kbd>/td>td>Use u>w/u>hite theme/td>/tr> /table> p>You can navigate the tabs using the keyboard:/p> table classcreditsTable> tr>td>Access-key kbd classl>i/kbd>/td>td>Open and focus on u>I/u>ntro tab/tr> tr>td>kbd>Tab svg xmlnshttp://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewBox0 0 512 512 classflip width12 height12>path fillcurrentColor dM0 168v-16c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h360V80c0-21.367 25.899-32.042 40.971-16.971l80 80c9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.941l-80 80C409.956 271.982 384 261.456 384 240v-48H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24zm488 152H128v-48c0-21.314-25.862-32.08-40.971-16.971l-80 80c-9.372 9.373-9.372 24.569 0 33.941l80 80C102.057 463.997 128 453.437 128 432v-48h360c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24v-16c0-13.255-10.745-24-24-24z>/path>/svg>/kbd>/td>td>Focus on next u>tab/u>/td>/tr> tr>td>kbd>Shift/kbd>+kbd>Tab svg xmlnshttp://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewBox0 0 512 512 classflip width12 height12>path fillcurrentColor dM0 168v-16c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h360V80c0-21.367 25.899-32.042 40.971-16.971l80 80c9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.941l-80 80C409.956 271.982 384 261.456 384 240v-48H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24zm488 152H128v-48c0-21.314-25.862-32.08-40.971-16.971l-80 80c-9.372 9.373-9.372 24.569 0 33.941l80 80C102.057 463.997 128 453.437 128 432v-48h360c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24v-16c0-13.255-10.745-24-24-24z>/path>/svg>/kbd>/td>td>Focus on previous tab/td>/tr> tr>td>kbd> Space /kbd>/td>td>Select focused tab/td>/tr> /table> p>While running a notebook:/p> table classcreditsTable> tr>td>Access-key kbd classl>s/kbd>/td>td>u>S/u>top current/td>/tr> tr>td>Access-key kbd classl>r/kbd>/td>td>u>R/u>estart current/td>/tr> tr>td>Access-key kbd classl>p/kbd>/td>td>u>P/u>revious step/td>/tr> tr>td>Access-key kbd classl>n/kbd>/td>td>u>N/u>ext step/td>/tr> /table> h2 idabout>About TryAPL/h2> p>b>TryAPL/b> free open a hrefhttps://github.com/Dyalog/TryAPL/tree/master/assets>source/a> software and consists of a JavaScript front-end sending requests to a state-less a target_blank hrefhttps://github.com/Dyalog/Jarvis/>Jarvis/a> back-end which uses a target_blank hrefhttps://github.com/abrudz/dyalog-safe-exec>Safe Execute/a> for a target_blank hrefhttps://dyalog.com>Dyalog APL/a> under b>Docker/b>. Dyalog APL runs under b>Linux/b>, including b>Raspberry Pi/b>, b>Microsoft Windows/b>, and b>macOS/b>./p> p>The back-end is available for direct use too. This means that anyone can write a new front-end or otherwise avail themselves of the computation engine. The simple API is a target_blank hrefhttps://apl.wiki/TryAPL#API>described on APL Wiki/a>./p> p classipynbinfo>The a href# onclicklearnTab.click()>Learn/a> tabs lessons are Jupyter Notebooks documents and can be a target_blank hrefhttps://github.com/Dyalog/dyalog-jupyter-kernel/wiki>used locally/a>. We welcome submissions of notebooks for inclusion in TryAPL, as well as reports of anomalies, suggestions, criticisms, and comments to a hrefmailto:tryapl@dyalog.com>tryapl@dyalog.com/a>./p> h2 idlimitations>Limitations/h2> p>TryAPL has limited support for multi-line input. Lines that form a block with the previous line must begin with a tab character (U+09) which is automatically inserted if a line or block is missing closing one or more braces (code>}/code>). For a target_blank hrefhttps://apl.wiki/tradfn>tradfns/a>, and multi-line a target_blank hrefhttps://apl.wiki/control_structure>control structures/a>, continue the current block using kbd>Alt/kbd>+kbd>Enter/kbd>. Press kbd>Esc/kbd> to leave multi-line input mode./p> p>Output, whether using code>⎕←/code> (other than at the beginning of a statement), code>⍞←/code>, or implicit output, is not supported./p> p>To protect the server, expressions are checked against a whitelist while code>⍎/code>, code>⍕/code>, code>⍣/code>, code>⌶/code>, and code>⎕FX/code> have limited functionality. All supported quad-names, system and user commands are listed on the a href# onclickprimerTab.click()>b>Primer/b>/a> tab./p> p>b>Space and time limits/b> can be queried with code classapl>State/code>. Exceeding the maximum time for execution of an expression causes the execution to be cancelled and the workspace will remain as it was before the expression was entered./p> p>When using TryAPL, your workspace is automatically saved to local storage in your web browser. strong>No data is stored on our servers/strong>; it is only sent across the network when you execute code. Manage your data from the a href# onclickfileTab.click()>File/a> tab./p> h2 idcredits>Credits/h2> table classcreditsTable> tr>td>Implementation/td>td>Brian Becker/td>/tr> tr>td>Design/td>td>Brian McCormick/td>/tr> tr>td>Additional tutorials/td>td>Will Robertson/td>/tr> tr>td>Reimplementation/td>td>Richard Park/td>/tr> tr>td>Redesign/td>td>Adám Brudzewsky/td>/tr> /table> table classcreditsTable> tr>td>Inspiration/td>td>Joel Hough/td>/tr> tr>td>Ideas/td>td colspan2>John Scholes, Andy Shiers, Roger Hui, John Daintree/td>/tr> tr>td>Domain/td>td>Shaun Gilchrist/td>/tr> /table> table classcreditsTable> tr>td>APL web service/td>td>a target_blank hrefhttps://github.com/Dyalog/Jarvis/>Jarvis/a>/td>/tr> tr>td>APL whitelist/td>td>a target_blank hrefhttps://github.com/abrudz/dyalog-safe-exec>Safe Execute/a>/td>/tr> tr>td>Split panes/td>td>a target_blank hrefhttps://split.js.org/>Split.js/a>/td>/tr> tr>td>Text font/td>td>a target_blank hrefhttps://github.com/googlefonts/nunito>Nunito/a>/td>/tr> tr>td>Markdown/td>td>a target_blank hrefhttps://marked.js.org>Marked.js/a>/td>/tr> tr>td>Formulas/td>td>a target_blank hrefhttps://www.mathjax.org/>MathJax/a>/td>/tr> /table> /div> div classcontent idfile> h1>Sharing code/h1> p>Access-key kbd classl>l/kbd> will generate a shareable link in the URL bar for the line of code indicated by your text cursor./p> h1>Workspace Data/h1> p>By default, your workspace is strong>not/strong> saved between page visits, unless you opt in: /p> !--p>Use Google Analytics to track usage statistics input typecheckbox idgaCheck>/p>--> p>label forwsSaveCheck>input typecheckbox idwsSaveCheck onchangesetCanSave()> Save workspace using local storage/label>/p> p>If the tickbox above is checked, then your workspace is automatically saved in your browser. You can always save your workspace to disk manually ― see below. strong>No data is ever stored on our servers/strong>; it is only sent across the network when you execute code./p> ul> li>Use code classapl>⎕NL-⍳9/code> to see which names are used in your workspace. li>Use code classapl>)CLEAR/code> to remove all names from your workspace. li>Use code classapl>)ERASE name/code> to remove code classapl>name/code> from your workspace. /ul> p>If the URL contains the strong>clear/strong> parameter (tryapl.org?clear) then you will have a clear workspace and changes will not be saved. Removing the strong>clear/strong> parameter will restore the data, if it exists and the checkbox above is ticked./p> p>You can download your workspace as a b>.tryapl/b> file: button iddlWS onclickdownloadWS() accesskeyd>Download…/button> /p> p>You can upload a b>.tryapl/b> workspace from your computer or load it from a URL: button onclickupload.click()>Upload…/button>/p> p classurlInputGroup>input typetext placeholder.tryapl Workspace URL idwsURL classinURL>button classrun onclickwsFromURL(#wsURL)>svg xmlnshttps://www.w3.org/2000/svg height24 viewBox0 0 24 24 width24>path dM0 0h24v24H0V0z fillnone/>path dM10 8.64L15.27 12 10 15.36V8.64M8 5v14l11-7L8 5z/>/svg>/button> div idwsErrorDiv classerrorDiv> span idwsError classerrorSpan>svg xmlnshttp://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewBox0 0 576 512 width12 height12>path fillcurrentColor dM569.517 440.013C587.975 472.007 564.806 512 527.94 512H48.054c-36.937 0-59.999-40.055-41.577-71.987L246.423 23.985c18.467-32.009 64.72-31.951 83.154 0l239.94 416.028zM288 354c-25.405 0-46 20.595-46 46s20.595 46 46 46 46-20.595 46-46-20.595-46-46-46zm-43.673-165.346l7.418 136c.347 6.364 5.609 11.346 11.982 11.346h48.546c6.373 0 11.635-4.982 11.982-11.346l7.418-136c.375-6.874-5.098-12.654-11.982-12.654h-63.383c-6.884 0-12.356 5.78-11.981 12.654z class>/path>/svg> Load failed!/span> /div> /p> input typefile idupload accept.tryapl onchangeuploadWS() styledisplay:none; accesskeyu> br>br> /div> /div> div idrightPane classsplit> textarea spellcheckfalse idsession autofocus wrapoff>/textarea> i idlinkIcon classfa fa-link onclickpermaLink(); titleLink to expression in URL bar>/i> div idreplBar> p classurlInputGroup idaplInputGroup> input spellcheckfalse idoneLineInput classinURL typetext width100% autocompleteoff>button classrun idoneLineSubmit onclicksubmitOneLine()>svg xmlnshttps://www.w3.org/2000/svg height24 viewBox0 0 24 24 width24>path dM0 0h24v24H0V0z fillnone>/path>path dM10 8.64L15.27 12 10 15.36V8.64M8 5v14l11-7L8 5z>/path>/svg>/button> /p> /div> /div> div idconfirmLoadWS classmodal> div classmodal-content> span idclose classclose>×/span> h2>WARNING/h2>p>Loading another workspace will overwrite your current workspace./p> p>Use the kbd>Download…/kbd> button to save your workspace now./p> p>button onclickdownloadWS() accesskeyd>Download…/button> button idloadWS>Load/button> button idcancel>Cancel/button>/p> /div> /div> script srclib/tiolb.js>/script> /body>/html>
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