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contenthttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/ />meta propertyog:site_name contentIllicit Cultural Property />meta propertyog:image contenthttps://s0.wp.com/i/blank.jpg />meta propertyog:image:alt content />meta propertyog:locale contenten_US />meta nametwitter:creator content@derekfincham />meta nametwitter:site content@derekfincham />!-- End Jetpack Open Graph Tags -->/head>body classhome blog wp-embed-responsive hfeed>div idpage classsite> div classsite-inner> a classskip-link screen-reader-text href#content> Skip to content /a> header idmasthead classsite-header> div classsite-header-main> div classsite-branding> h1 classsite-title>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/ relhome>Illicit Cultural Property/a>/h1> p classsite-description>art, heritage, & law/p> /div>!-- .site-branding --> /div>!-- .site-header-main --> /header>!-- .site-header --> div idcontent classsite-content> div idprimary classcontent-area> main idmain classsite-main> article idpost-13097 classpost-13097 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-antiquities tag-bubon tag-manhattan-da tag-seizure tag-turkey> header classentry-header> h2 classentry-title>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/alleged-bubon-smuggling-network-widens/ relbookmark>Alleged Bubon Smuggling Network Widens/a>/h2> /header>!-- .entry-header --> div classentry-content> figure classwp-block-image size-large>a hrefhttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/03SEIZURE-STATUE-1-superJumbo.webp>img fetchpriorityhigh decodingasync width772 height1024 srchttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/03SEIZURE-STATUE-1-superJumbo.webp?resize772%2C1024 altA bronze bust removed from the collection of the Worcester Art Museum classwp-image-13098 srcsethttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/03SEIZURE-STATUE-1-superJumbo.webp?resize772%2C1024 772w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/03SEIZURE-STATUE-1-superJumbo.webp?resize226%2C300 226w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/03SEIZURE-STATUE-1-superJumbo.webp?resize768%2C1019 768w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/03SEIZURE-STATUE-1-superJumbo.webp?resize1157%2C1536 1157w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/03SEIZURE-STATUE-1-superJumbo.webp?resize1200%2C1593 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/03SEIZURE-STATUE-1-superJumbo.webp?w1507 1507w sizes(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 61vw, (max-width: 1362px) 45vw, 600px data-recalc-dims1 />/a>figcaption classwp-element-caption>A bronze bust removed from the collection of the Worcester Art Museum/figcaption>/figure>p>An ancient Roman bronze bust has been seized from the Worcester Art Museum. The seizure is the latest recovery by the Manhattan district attorney’s office Antiquities Trafficking Unit, which also includes material from the Cleveland Museum of Art, the Met, Fordham University and Christie’s. Details on the seizure from Worcester are difficult to ascertain, as we are left mainly with a press release from the Museum, and a “no comment” from the Manhattan DA. The Museum will “transfer ownership” to the New York County District Attorney’s Office” so that it can then be returned to its country of origin. Ownership is the wrong term here, possession would be more appropriate./p>p>The transfer of possession was prompted with the benefit of “new information about the object’s history of ownership”. It had been acquired in 1966, reportedly from the late antiquities dealer a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/hecht-trial-ends-with-a-whimper-as-well/ data-typepost data-id156>Robert Hecht/a>. And may belong to the collection of ancient Roman bronzes from the a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/marlow-on-the-real-issue-with-the-glyptotek-head/ data-typepost data-id12997>Bubon/a> area of Turkey./p>p>The initial question is why did the museum voluntarily return the object? Perhaps it considered mounting a legal challenge, yet the Museum’s statement would seemingly have us think that it would return all other similarly improperly imported and acquired objects. It asks forgiveness on the basis that it has not been able to prioritize provenance research of its existing collection due to limited resources. The likely speculation goes then that had it had such an initiative in place, it would have sent the object back. That adds an interesting wrinkle to the difficult task of Museum publicists when forced to account for the presence of illicit material for so many decades. /p>p>The Antiquities Trafficking Unit has made a considerable dent in the number of illicit objects in various museum and private collections. The objects are returning to where they were illicitly removed from, but the prosecution of the individuals responsible remains elusive. /p>p>Tom Mashberg, em>Manhattan Prosecutors Seize a Bronze Bust Valued at $5 Million/em>, The New York Times (Sep. 3, 2023), a hrefhttps://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/03/arts/design/manhattan-prosecutors-seize-3rd-century-bust.html>https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/03/arts/design/manhattan-prosecutors-seize-3rd-century-bust.html/a>./p>p>Malcolm Gay Globe Staff et al., em>How Could Smuggled Roman Art Have Ended up at the Worcester Art Museum? – The Boston Globe/em>, BostonGlobe.com, a hrefhttps://www.bostonglobe.com/2023/09/05/arts/how-could-smuggled-roman-art-have-ended-up-worcester-art-museum/>https://www.bostonglobe.com/2023/09/05/arts/how-could-smuggled-roman-art-have-ended-up-worcester-art-museum//a> (last visited Sep. 7, 2023)./p>p>em>Worcester Art Museum Transfers Ownership of Bronze Bust/em>, a hrefhttps://www.worcesterart.org/news/press-room/press-releases/PR/worcester-art-museum-portrait-of-a-lady-press-release.pdf>https://www.worcesterart.org/news/press-room/press-releases/PR/worcester-art-museum-portrait-of-a-lady-press-release.pdf/a>, archived at https://perma.cc/7QX4-GT2D (Sep. 2023)./p>p>em>Roman Bust Seized from US Museum in Investigation into Stolen Pieces/em>, the Guardian, a hrefhttps://www.theguardian.com/culture/2023/sep/06/stolen-art-massachusetts-worcester-museum>https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2023/sep/06/stolen-art-massachusetts-worcester-museum/a> (last visited Sep. 7, 2023)./p>p>em>Ancient Roman Bust Seized from U.S. Museum in Trafficking Probe/em>, Washington Post, a hrefhttps://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/art/2023/09/06/worcester-art-museum-roman-bust/>https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/art/2023/09/06/worcester-art-museum-roman-bust//a>./p> /div>!-- .entry-content --> footer classentry-footer> span classbyline>span classauthor vcard>img alt srchttp://0.gravatar.com/avatar/973aed06e5f9997d0dec1e02d3d2140c?s49&dmm&rg srcsethttp://0.gravatar.com/avatar/973aed06e5f9997d0dec1e02d3d2140c?s98&dmm&rg 2x classavatar avatar-49 photo height49 width49 decodingasync/>span classscreen-reader-text>Author /span> a classurl fn n hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/author/webmaster/>Derek Fincham/a>/span>/span>span classposted-on>span classscreen-reader-text>Posted on /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/alleged-bubon-smuggling-network-widens/ relbookmark>time classentry-date published updated datetime2023-09-07T12:57:45-07:00>September 7, 2023/time>/a>/span>span classcat-links>span classscreen-reader-text>Categories /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/category/antiquities/ relcategory tag>Antiquities/a>/span>span classtags-links>span classscreen-reader-text>Tags /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/bubon/ reltag>Bubon/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/manhattan-da/ reltag>Manhattan DA/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/seizure/ reltag>seizure/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/turkey/ reltag>Turkey/a>/span>span classcomments-link>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/alleged-bubon-smuggling-network-widens/#respond>Leave a commentspan classscreen-reader-text> on Alleged Bubon Smuggling Network Widens/span>/a>/span> /footer>!-- .entry-footer -->/article>!-- #post-13097 -->article idpost-12997 classpost-12997 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-antiquities category-museums tag-bronzes tag-bubon tag-glyptotek tag-robert-hecht tag-turkey> header classentry-header> h2 classentry-title>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/marlow-on-the-real-issue-with-the-glyptotek-head/ relbookmark>Marlowe on the Real Issue with the Glyptotek Head/a>/h2> /header>!-- .entry-header --> a classpost-thumbnail hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/marlow-on-the-real-issue-with-the-glyptotek-head/ aria-hiddentrue> img width1200 height1600 srchttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/1-1-1-scaled.jpeg?fit1200%2C1600 classattachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image altMarlowe on the Real Issue with the Glyptotek Head decodingasync srcsethttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/1-1-1-scaled.jpeg?w1920 1920w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/1-1-1-scaled.jpeg?resize225%2C300 225w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/1-1-1-scaled.jpeg?resize768%2C1024 768w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/1-1-1-scaled.jpeg?resize1152%2C1536 1152w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/1-1-1-scaled.jpeg?resize1536%2C2048 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/1-1-1-scaled.jpeg?resize1200%2C1600 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/1-1-1-scaled.jpeg?w1680 1680w sizes(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 60vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px /> /a> div classentry-content> p>This is a guest post bya hrefhttps://www.colgate.edu/about/directory/emarlowe> Elizabeth Marlowe/a>, Associate Professor of Art; Chair, Department of Art & Art History; Director, Museum Studies Program. /p>figure classwp-block-image size-large>a hrefhttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/1-1-scaled.jpeg>img loadinglazy decodingasync width768 height1024 srchttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/1-1.jpeg?resize768%2C1024 alt classwp-image-13003 srcsethttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/1-1-scaled.jpeg?resize768%2C1024 768w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/1-1-scaled.jpeg?resize225%2C300 225w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/1-1-scaled.jpeg?resize1152%2C1536 1152w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/1-1-scaled.jpeg?resize1536%2C2048 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/1-1-scaled.jpeg?w1920 1920w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/1-1-scaled.jpeg?w1680 1680w sizes(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 61vw, (max-width: 1362px) 45vw, 600px data-recalc-dims1 />/a>/figure>p>/p>p>strong>Some Key Facts on the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek Portrait of Septimius Severus and the Corpus of Bubon Bronzes/strong>/p>p classhas-text-align-justify>The over-life-sized bronze head of Septimius Severus at the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek in Copenhagen a hrefhttps://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/emperor-septimius-waiting-for-his-missing-head-182591>has/a> been a hrefhttps://politiken.dk/kultur/art9413602/De-kaldte-ham-Isenkr%C3%A6mmeren.-Han-har-v%C3%A6ret-d%C3%B8d-i-11-%C3%A5r.-Nu-belaster-han-igen-Glyptoteket?shareTokenAImnyMAA_XLQ>much/a> in the news a hrefhttps://www.berlingske.dk/kommentatorer/kejser-septimius-severus-har-det-godt-blandt-sine-kolleger-paa>lately/a>. Turkish officials are a hrefhttps://www.dailysabah.com/arts/bronze-head-of-emperor-severus-sparks-turkiye-danish-museum-dispute/news>calling/a> for its return because a hrefhttps://www.nytimes.com/2023/06/12/arts/headless-statues-museums.html>for the last 50 years/a> (up to and including the museum’s own a hrefhttps://www.ny-carlsbergfondet.dk/da/septimius-severus-0>website/a>), the museum has asserted that the head originally belonged to an over-lifesized bronze body 2 that, until recently, had been on loan to the Metropolitan Museum of Art. The body was a hrefhttps://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/30/arts/met-museum-statue-seized.html>seized/a> by the a hrefhttps://manhattanda.org/d-a-bragg-returns-12-antiquities-to-the-republic-of-turkiye/>Manhattan District Attorney’s/a> office in March, and has now been a hrefhttps://kvmgm.ktb.gov.tr/TR-340608/138-abd39den-iadesi-saglanan-12-adet-eser-2023.html>returned to Türkiye/a>. /p>figure classwp-block-image size-large>a hrefhttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/2-photo-by-Steven-Zucker-scaled.jpg>img loadinglazy decodingasync width554 height1024 srchttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/2-photo-by-Steven-Zucker.jpg?resize554%2C1024 alt classwp-image-13005 srcsethttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/2-photo-by-Steven-Zucker-scaled.jpg?resize554%2C1024 554w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/2-photo-by-Steven-Zucker-scaled.jpg?resize162%2C300 162w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/2-photo-by-Steven-Zucker-scaled.jpg?resize768%2C1419 768w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/2-photo-by-Steven-Zucker-scaled.jpg?resize831%2C1536 831w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/2-photo-by-Steven-Zucker-scaled.jpg?resize1108%2C2048 1108w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/2-photo-by-Steven-Zucker-scaled.jpg?w1385 1385w sizes(max-width: 554px) 85vw, 554px data-recalc-dims1 />/a>figcaption classwp-element-caption>photo by Steven Zucker/figcaption>/figure>p>I have been researching these artworks for several years and am in the process of preparing a large publication (on an open-access, updateable, bilingual website) of all that I have learned. I offer here a brief summary of the main evidence concerning the Glyptotek head with the goal of ensuring that all parties involved in the discussions, including journalists, have the relevant facts at their disposal (something that has not been the case in all of the recent reporting). My main concern is that the discussions seem to be focusing on the wrong issue. The question of whether the museum’s bronze head can be proven to go with that particular body is a secondary matter. The key issue is whether it comes from a particular Roman site in Türkiye whose looting in the 1960s is a matter of well-established fact. I’m grateful to Derek Fincham for sharing hisem> Illicit Cultural Property /em>platform with me for the purpose of presenting the evidence on this question. /p>p>In May, 1967, Turkish authorities, acting on a tip about a large-scale act of archaeological looting, arrived at the village of Ibecik, where they discovered a large, ancient bronze statue hidden in a local house. Eventually, the police persuaded the homeowner, together with a number of other villagers, to reveal where the statue came from. In the following days,strong> /strong>archaeologists from the nearby museum at Burdur conducted an emergency excavation at the site, known in antiquity as a hrefhttp://boubonkera.eie.gr/>Bubon/a>, and found a large three-sided platform and several free-standing statue bases 3./p>figure classwp-block-image size-large>a hrefhttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/3-The-pedestals-of-the-looted-bronze-imperial-statues-at-Bubon-after-Jale-Inan-1993..png>img loadinglazy decodingasync width840 height573 srchttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/3-The-pedestals-of-the-looted-bronze-imperial-statues-at-Bubon-after-Jale-Inan-1993..png?resize840%2C573 alt classwp-image-13009 srcsethttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/3-The-pedestals-of-the-looted-bronze-imperial-statues-at-Bubon-after-Jale-Inan-1993..png?resize1024%2C699 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/3-The-pedestals-of-the-looted-bronze-imperial-statues-at-Bubon-after-Jale-Inan-1993..png?resize300%2C205 300w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/3-The-pedestals-of-the-looted-bronze-imperial-statues-at-Bubon-after-Jale-Inan-1993..png?resize768%2C524 768w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/3-The-pedestals-of-the-looted-bronze-imperial-statues-at-Bubon-after-Jale-Inan-1993..png?resize1536%2C1048 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/3-The-pedestals-of-the-looted-bronze-imperial-statues-at-Bubon-after-Jale-Inan-1993..png?resize1200%2C819 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/3-The-pedestals-of-the-looted-bronze-imperial-statues-at-Bubon-after-Jale-Inan-1993..png?w1782 1782w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/3-The-pedestals-of-the-looted-bronze-imperial-statues-at-Bubon-after-Jale-Inan-1993..png?w1680 1680w sizes(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px data-recalc-dims1 />/a>figcaption classwp-element-caption>The pedestals of the looted bronze imperial statues at Bubon, after Jale Inan, 1993./figcaption>/figure>p> These were inscribed with the names of fourteen Roman emperors and empresses, suggesting that this room had once been filled with statues, and that it may have been a shrine for the worship of the emperor and his family, a practice we call the “imperial cult.” But the statues had all disappeared, with the exception of the one the authorities had recovered (this statue is today in the Burdur museum) 4./p>figure classwp-block-image size-large>a hrefhttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/4-The-one-Bubon-statue-that-remained-in-Turkey-at-the-Burdur-Archaeological-Museum.-Photo-by-Izabela-Miszczak--scaled.jpg>img loadinglazy decodingasync width683 height1024 srchttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/4-The-one-Bubon-statue-that-remained-in-Turkey-at-the-Burdur-Archaeological-Museum.-Photo-by-Izabela-Miszczak-.jpg?resize683%2C1024 alt classwp-image-13010 srcsethttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/4-The-one-Bubon-statue-that-remained-in-Turkey-at-the-Burdur-Archaeological-Museum.-Photo-by-Izabela-Miszczak--scaled.jpg?resize683%2C1024 683w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/4-The-one-Bubon-statue-that-remained-in-Turkey-at-the-Burdur-Archaeological-Museum.-Photo-by-Izabela-Miszczak--scaled.jpg?resize200%2C300 200w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/4-The-one-Bubon-statue-that-remained-in-Turkey-at-the-Burdur-Archaeological-Museum.-Photo-by-Izabela-Miszczak--scaled.jpg?resize768%2C1152 768w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/4-The-one-Bubon-statue-that-remained-in-Turkey-at-the-Burdur-Archaeological-Museum.-Photo-by-Izabela-Miszczak--scaled.jpg?resize1024%2C1536 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/4-The-one-Bubon-statue-that-remained-in-Turkey-at-the-Burdur-Archaeological-Museum.-Photo-by-Izabela-Miszczak--scaled.jpg?resize1365%2C2048 1365w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/4-The-one-Bubon-statue-that-remained-in-Turkey-at-the-Burdur-Archaeological-Museum.-Photo-by-Izabela-Miszczak--scaled.jpg?w1707 1707w sizes(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 61vw, (max-width: 1362px) 45vw, 600px data-recalc-dims1 />/a>figcaption classwp-element-caption>The one Bubon statue that remained in Turkey, at the Burdur Archaeological Museum. Photo by Izabela Miszczak/figcaption>/figure>p>The Turkish archaeologist Jale Inan investigated, and was told by the villagers that they’d been selling the statues as they found them to a dealer, netting as much as 90,000 Turkish lira for the largest and best-preserved figures. Their accounts are vague and contradictory, but they admitted to selling at least nine or ten statues as well as many additional fragments, including heads, arms and legs. Most were nude male figures, they reported, but one was clothed, and at least one was female. One of the male nudes, the largest of the group, was nearly 9 feet tall, and was the only figure in the group that was completely intact. /p>p>Meanwhile, starting in the mid-1960s, a number of bronze figures, portrait heads, and body parts began showing up on the art market. We now know that at least two of these were trafficked by the same person: both a a hrefhttps://worcester.emuseum.com/objects/9371/portrait-of-a-lady-a-daughter-of-marcus-aurelius>bronze female head/a> at the Worcester Art Museum (whose bust may not belong to the original work) and the head at the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek were first sold by the notorious a hrefhttps://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-xpm-2012-feb-09-la-me-robert-hecht-20120209-story.html>Robert Hecht/a>. (The latter piece of information had been a tightly-kept secret in Copenhagen, and only became public knowledge earlier this month thanks to reporting by a hrefhttps://politiken.dk/kultur/art9413602/De-kaldte-ham-Isenkr%C3%A6mmeren.-Han-har-v%C3%A6ret-d%C3%B8d-i-11-%C3%A5r.-Nu-belaster-han-igen-Glyptoteket?shareTokenAImnyMAA_XLQ>Camilla Strockmann/a>.) It is very possible that Hecht – who had been barred from Türkiye in 1962 for trafficking in looted antiquities – was behind the entire group./p>p>There are today approximately ten bronze heads and a dozen bronze bodies currently residing in public and private collections around the world (mostly in the U.S.) that em>almost certainly/em> came from Bubon. I say “almost certainly” because of course the networks that move illegally plundered antiquities from the ground, smuggle them across borders, and deliver them to the high-end galleries of Europe and the U.S. are designed to cover their tracks. These are laundering operations – the original stain is supposed to be invisible by the end. But fortunately in the case of Bubon, enough facts are known about the looting and the pieces themselves that we can identify some clear criteria for determining whether a particular bronze was em>almost certainly/em> looted from the site: /p>ul>li>Does it depict a Roman emperor or family member, or could it have been part of a statue that did? (There may have been non-imperial statuary that was also looted from the site, but for now I’m focusing on pieces that can be associated with the imperial shrine.)/li>li>Did it surface on the market at some point between 1964 and the early 1970s?/li>li>Does it feature small square bronze patches on its surface? These patches, typically a couple of centimeters long, are the hallmarks of the local bronze workshop that produced these works. The ancient metalsmiths laid the patches in sawtooth patterns along the seams when they soldered together the individually-cast components of these large bronze statues, and they also used them singly to strengthen weak spots in the bronze surface 5./li>/ul>figure classwp-block-image size-full>a hrefhttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/5-Example-of-the-distinctive-patchwork-from-the-statue-recently-seized-at-the-Met.jpg>img loadinglazy decodingasync width549 height487 srchttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/5-Example-of-the-distinctive-patchwork-from-the-statue-recently-seized-at-the-Met.jpg?resize549%2C487 alt classwp-image-13008 srcsethttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/5-Example-of-the-distinctive-patchwork-from-the-statue-recently-seized-at-the-Met.jpg?w549 549w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/5-Example-of-the-distinctive-patchwork-from-the-statue-recently-seized-at-the-Met.jpg?resize300%2C266 300w sizes(max-width: 549px) 85vw, 549px data-recalc-dims1 />/a>figcaption classwp-element-caption>Example of the distinctive patchwork, from the statue recently seized at the Met/figcaption>/figure>p>As far as the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek’s portrait of the emperor Septimius Severus is concerned, there is no doubt that it meets these criteria. The museum purchased it from Hecht in 1970. The line of square patches around the neck where the head was originally attached to the body in antiquity is very visible 6./p>figure classwp-block-image size-large>a hrefhttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/6-Sawtooth-patches-on-the-Ny-Carlsberg-Copenhagen-head-scaled.jpeg>img loadinglazy decodingasync width840 height630 srchttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/6-Sawtooth-patches-on-the-Ny-Carlsberg-Copenhagen-head.jpeg?resize840%2C630 alt classwp-image-13007 srcsethttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/6-Sawtooth-patches-on-the-Ny-Carlsberg-Copenhagen-head-scaled.jpeg?resize1024%2C768 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/6-Sawtooth-patches-on-the-Ny-Carlsberg-Copenhagen-head-scaled.jpeg?resize300%2C225 300w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/6-Sawtooth-patches-on-the-Ny-Carlsberg-Copenhagen-head-scaled.jpeg?resize768%2C576 768w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/6-Sawtooth-patches-on-the-Ny-Carlsberg-Copenhagen-head-scaled.jpeg?resize1536%2C1152 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/6-Sawtooth-patches-on-the-Ny-Carlsberg-Copenhagen-head-scaled.jpeg?resize2048%2C1536 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/6-Sawtooth-patches-on-the-Ny-Carlsberg-Copenhagen-head-scaled.jpeg?resize1200%2C900 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/6-Sawtooth-patches-on-the-Ny-Carlsberg-Copenhagen-head-scaled.jpeg?w1680 1680w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/6-Sawtooth-patches-on-the-Ny-Carlsberg-Copenhagen-head-scaled.jpeg?w2520 2520w sizes(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px data-recalc-dims1 />/a>figcaption classwp-element-caption>Sawtooth patches on the Ny Carlsberg Copenhagen head/figcaption>/figure>p> We can also add to the evidence the fact that one of the statue bases at Bubon is inscribed with the name Septimius Severus, so we know there was a portrait of that particular emperor at the site. These are the key facts that should be determining whether the museum is going to return the head to Türkiye. Whether or not we have correctly identified em>which/em> of the headless Bubon bodies the head went with is a separate question. We know it almost certainly went with em>one/em> of the bodies from the site. /p>p>There is also the fundamental fact that the head has to have come from somewhere – from some over-life-sized bronze statue of Septimius Severus that was produced in the ancient workshop that used the unusual patchwork technique. What is the likelihood that there was em>another/em> such discovery by looters, right during the very same period that the looters at Bubon turned up their bonanza of imperial bronzes? It’s worth remembering how extremely rare statues like these are in the modern world; for every bronze portrait or statue that has survived from the ancient Mediterranean, there are dozens, maybe hundreds of surviving marble works. That is because bronze is precious and can be melted down. Over the centuries the vast majority of ancient bronzes were recycled and turned into things like coins, weapons, nails and the like. /p>p>And even if this is all just an extraordinary coincidence, and the Ny Carlsberg head comes from some other looted site, the patchwork itself still strongly ties the piece to Türkiye. This means that unless the head came to the museum with an export license from the Turkish government, it has to have been smuggled out of the country in violation of Turkish cultural heritage laws. Public and private collectors in Europe and North America sometimes suggest that countries of origin didn’t care about their ancient artifacts and did little to protect their cultural property during this period, and that by collecting ancient art, they are “saving” it. But in fact, Türkiye’s deep concern around these issues is evident in its efforts to keep Hecht out of the country, by the police intervention at Bubon in 1967, and by Jale Inan’s tireless efforts over the course of her career to draw attention to the tragic history of this site, whose market-fuelled plundering destroyed what would have been one of the most extraordinary archaeological discoveries of the century. /p>p>In sum, we em>know/em> the Septimius Severus head was looted from Türkiye and trafficked by one of the art market’s shadiest characters. Why is the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek defending its right to own stolen property? What are the museum’s ethical principles?/p>p>* * */p>p>Even though it is a secondary matter as far as the choice facing the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek is concerned, while we’re here, here is the evidence that connects the Copenhagen head with the body that was recently seized at the Metropolitan Museum and returned to Türkiye:/p>ul>li>According, again, to Jale Inan, the feet of the Met statue fit the indentations on the statue base with Septimius Severus’ name. So the head that was attached to this body has to have been a bronze portrait of Septimius Severus. No other viable candidate has turned up in the 56 years since the body surfaced on the international market./li>/ul>ul>li>In recent statements to the press, the director of collections at the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, Rune Frederiksen, has suggested that the association between the head and the body was just an idea that his predecessor, Fleming Johansen, had come up with out of nowhere at some point in the mid-1970s after the museum had acquired the portrait. In fact, the link between the two pieces had long been known among experts. The Met body was referred to as Septimius Severus as early as 1967, the same year it was acquired (along with several other Bubon pieces) by the Boston dealer Charles Lipson. Cornelius Vermeule, the curator of Greek and Roman art at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, discussed Lipson’s statue as a portrait of Septimius Severus in a presentation that year at the annual meetings of the Archaeological Institute of America. He mentions it again as Septimius Severus in an addendum to his 1968 book, em>Roman Imperial Art in Greece and Asia Minor /em>(Belknap Press, p. 546). There is, of course, no valid reason to identify this headless body as Septimius Severus without the connection to a portrait head of that ruler. It is highly unlikely that Vermeule would have done so in front of his colleagues at the archaeologists’ conference if he didn’t know that the evidence behind it was solid. /li>/ul>ul>li>Of the eleven heads that have been associated with Bubon, only the Copenhagen head is broken off from its body well below the ancient seam that joined the head and body at mid-neck. If the head indeed comes from this site (see evidence above), it must go with one of the few Bubon bodies that is missing the entirety of its neck. There are only two candidates that meet this criterion. One is the statue recently seized at the Met. The photo that was produced when the head and the body were briefly brought together in Copenhagen in 1979 certainly looks awkward 7. /li>/ul>figure classwp-block-image size-large>a hrefhttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/7-The-NCG-head-and-Met-body-as-tested-in-Copenhagen-in-1979-scaled.jpeg>img loadinglazy decodingasync width488 height1024 srchttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/7-The-NCG-head-and-Met-body-as-tested-in-Copenhagen-in-1979.jpeg?resize488%2C1024 alt classwp-image-13006 srcsethttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/7-The-NCG-head-and-Met-body-as-tested-in-Copenhagen-in-1979-scaled.jpeg?resize488%2C1024 488w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/7-The-NCG-head-and-Met-body-as-tested-in-Copenhagen-in-1979-scaled.jpeg?resize143%2C300 143w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/7-The-NCG-head-and-Met-body-as-tested-in-Copenhagen-in-1979-scaled.jpeg?resize768%2C1611 768w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/7-The-NCG-head-and-Met-body-as-tested-in-Copenhagen-in-1979-scaled.jpeg?resize732%2C1536 732w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/7-The-NCG-head-and-Met-body-as-tested-in-Copenhagen-in-1979-scaled.jpeg?resize976%2C2048 976w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/7-The-NCG-head-and-Met-body-as-tested-in-Copenhagen-in-1979-scaled.jpeg?resize1200%2C2517 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/7-The-NCG-head-and-Met-body-as-tested-in-Copenhagen-in-1979-scaled.jpeg?w1220 1220w sizes(max-width: 488px) 85vw, 488px data-recalc-dims1 />/a>figcaption classwp-element-caption>The NCG head and Met body, as tested in Copenhagen in 1979/figcaption>/figure>ul>li>But the awkwardness may be due to the incorrect positioning of the head (Inan hypothesized that it may have been turned to the right, toward the raised arm; at any rate it certainly would have been lower) and to the deformations of the metal caused by the violent process that ripped the head from the body so far below the ancient seam. The other potential candidate for a match with the Copenhagen head is a bronze body in an identical pose as the Met statue, and likewise bearing the tell-tale bronze patches, that was recently resold by Royal-Athena Gallery (it is listed in the 2006 catalog, along with a female body, as originating at Bubon). I have seen this privately-owned body in person. My impression is that it is too small for the Copenhagen head. Of course, a sustained scientific examination is needed to know for sure. /li>/ul>p>Frederiksen is right to emphasize that more research must be done to determine which statue the head belongs with; as he told the Turkish paper the a hrefhttps://www.dailysabah.com/arts/bronze-head-of-emperor-severus-sparks-turkiye-danish-museum-dispute/news>Daily Sabah/a>, “we have to compare the breaks of the torso and the head.” It is noteworthy, however, that Frederiksen has not tried to deny that the Septimius Severus head came from Bubon. That, and not its association with the Met head, is what should determine where it belongs today. Indeed, the only way we will ever be able to compare the breaks as Frederiksen advocates is to reunite the pieces. /p>p>Key Bibliography:/p>p>İnan, J. 1979. “Der Bronzetorso im Burdur-Museum aus Bubon und der Bronzekopf im J.-Paul-Getty-Museum,” em>Istanbuler Mitteilungen/em> 27/28 (1977/78) 1979, pp. 266-287./p>p>İnan, J. 1994. “Neue Forschungen zum Sebasteion von Bubon und seinen Statuen,” in em>Akten des II. Internationalen Lykien-Symposions /em>Vienna, 6.-12. Mai 1990, ed. J. Borcchardt, J. and G. Dobesch, Vienna 1993, pp. 213-239./p>p>İnan, J. 1994 . em>Boubon Sebasteionu ve Heykelleri/em> Üzerine Son Arastirmalar, Istanbul./p>p>Kozloff, A. P. 1987. “The Cleveland Bronze: The Emperor as Philosopher,” em>Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art/em> 74, 82-113./p>p>Lubos, M., 2016, “Bubon Bronzes – New Perspectives,” em>Proceedings of the XVIIth International Congress on Ancient Bronzes, Izmir. Monographies Instrumentum/em> 51, 2016, 265-73 (to be used with caution)./p>p>Vermeule, C. 1980. “The Late Antonine and Severan Bronze Portraits from Southwest Asia Minor,” in em>Eikones. Studien zum griechischen und römischen Bildnis. Hans Jucker zum sechzigsten Geburtstag gewidmet/em> (Bern, 1980), 185-90./p> /div>!-- .entry-content --> footer classentry-footer> span classbyline>span classauthor vcard>img alt srchttp://0.gravatar.com/avatar/973aed06e5f9997d0dec1e02d3d2140c?s49&dmm&rg srcsethttp://0.gravatar.com/avatar/973aed06e5f9997d0dec1e02d3d2140c?s98&dmm&rg 2x classavatar avatar-49 photo height49 width49 loadinglazy decodingasync/>span classscreen-reader-text>Author /span> a classurl fn n hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/author/webmaster/>Derek Fincham/a>/span>/span>span classposted-on>span classscreen-reader-text>Posted on /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/marlow-on-the-real-issue-with-the-glyptotek-head/ relbookmark>time classentry-date published datetime2023-07-11T14:30:04-07:00>July 11, 2023/time>time classupdated datetime2023-07-12T04:31:42-07:00>July 12, 2023/time>/a>/span>span classcat-links>span classscreen-reader-text>Categories /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/category/antiquities/ relcategory tag>Antiquities/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/category/museums/ relcategory tag>Museums/a>/span>span classtags-links>span classscreen-reader-text>Tags /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/bronzes/ reltag>Bronzes/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/bubon/ reltag>Bubon/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/glyptotek/ reltag>Glyptotek/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/robert-hecht/ reltag>Robert Hecht/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/turkey/ reltag>Turkey/a>/span>span classcomments-link>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/marlow-on-the-real-issue-with-the-glyptotek-head/#comments>11 Commentsspan classscreen-reader-text> on Marlowe on the Real Issue with the Glyptotek Head/span>/a>/span> /footer>!-- .entry-footer -->/article>!-- #post-12997 -->article idpost-12601 classpost-12601 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-antiquities tag-antiquities-2 tag-gianfranco-becchina tag-metropolitan-museum-of-art-the-met tag-robin-symes tag-seizures> header classentry-header> h2 classentry-title>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/27-objects-seized-from-the-met/ relbookmark>27 Objects Seized From the Met/a>/h2> /header>!-- .entry-header --> div classentry-content> p>/p>figure classwp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex>figure classwp-block-image size-large>a hrefhttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/DP-14287-020.webp>img loadinglazy decodingasync width840 height1120 data-id12603 srchttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/DP-14287-020.webp?resize840%2C1120 alt classwp-image-12603 data-recalc-dims1/>/a>figcaption>“Bronze statuette of Jupiter” (second half of 2nd century CE)/figcaption>/figure>figure classwp-block-image size-large>a hrefhttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/DT288.webp>img loadinglazy decodingasync width840 height1050 data-id12605 srchttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/DT288.webp?resize840%2C1050 alt classwp-image-12605 data-recalc-dims1/>/a>figcaption> “Marble Head of Athena” (c. 200 BCE)/figcaption>/figure>figure classwp-block-image size-large>a hrefhttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/gr1979.11.15.R-1.webp>img loadinglazy decodingasync width840 height667 data-id12604 srchttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/gr1979.11.15.R-1.webp?resize840%2C667 alt classwp-image-12604 data-recalc-dims1/>/a>figcaption>A terracotta kylix (c. 470 BCE)/figcaption>/figure>figure classwp-block-image size-large>a hrefhttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/merlin_212309946_b1cdd224-9ed0-4bde-8a49-970207548db1-jumbo.webp>img loadinglazy decodingasync width768 height1024 data-id12602 srchttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/merlin_212309946_b1cdd224-9ed0-4bde-8a49-970207548db1-jumbo.webp?resize768%2C1024 alt classwp-image-12602 data-recalc-dims1/>/a>figcaption>Head of a Greek youth dated to the third to second century B.C.E./figcaption>/figure>/figure>p>Spencer Woodman and Malia Politzer first reported that 27 objects have been seized from the Met. 21 objects in July, and an additional six this week. The objects include Greek or Roman pottery, a marble head of Athena, and Hindu material. The seizures are largely the result of investigations by the Manhattan District Attorney’s a hrefhttps://www.manhattanda.org/category/antiquities-trafficking/>Art Trafficking Unit/a> and the Department of Homeland Security-Homeland Security Investigations. Given such a large amount of material, you might wonder what the Met’s response will be. Based on the comments of Met spokesperson Kenneth Weine, more of the same: /p>blockquote classwp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow>p>“The museum is a leader in the field in comprehensively reviewing individual matters, and it has returned many pieces based upon thorough review – oftentimes in partnership with law enforcement and outside experts,” Weine said. “The norms of collecting have changed significantly, and The Met’s policies and procedures in this regard have been under constant review over the past 20 years.”/p>/blockquote>div classwp-block-image>figure classalignright size-full is-resized>a hrefhttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/DT3648.webp>img loadinglazy decodingasync srchttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/DT3648.webp?resize289%2C500 alt classwp-image-12606 width289 height500 data-recalc-dims1 />/a>figcaption> “Mother Goddess (Matrika)” (mid-6th century), India (Rajasthan, Tanesara), gray schist, 24 1/2 inches x 9 inches (via a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttps://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/38203 target_blank>Metropolitan Museum of Art/a>)/figcaption>/figure>/div>p>By now the Met must understand the illicit nature of so much of its collection. While a wonderful institution in many ways, its original sin remains its base instinct to compete with the grandest museums in the world. It has bought objects that simply cannot legally be bought, sold, and transported. The urge to be grand has meant that it has acquired so much that is stolen. There really is no other way to put it. They can point to dates and inconsistent laws and norms, but by now any reasonably informed observer knows the Met has dodgy material in its collection. No matter how much spin they want to put on their reputation as being a leader in reviewing their collection, the fact remains that so often it has been prosecutors forcing them into good behavior./p>iframe loadinglazy srchttps://omny.fm/shows/kcbsam-on-demand/stolen-artifacts-displayed-at-the-met-to-be-return/embed width100% height180 allowautoplay; clipboard-write frameborder0 titleStolen artifacts displayed at the Met to be returned to home countries>/iframe>p>em>Flurry of Seizures Intensify Pressure on the Met over Artifacts Linked to Accused Traffickers – ICIJ/em> (Aug. 31, 2022), a hrefhttps://www.icij.org/investigations/hidden-treasures/flurry-of-seizures-intensify-pressure-on-the-met-over-artifacts-linked-to-accused-traffickers/>https://www.icij.org/investigations/hidden-treasures/flurry-of-seizures-intensify-pressure-on-the-met-over-artifacts-linked-to-accused-traffickers//a>./p>p>Lauren del Valle CNN Liam Reilly and Alaa Elassar, em>Dozens of Artifacts Seized from the Metropolitan Museum of Art/em>, CNN, a hrefhttps://www.cnn.com/style/article/met-museum-artifacts-seized-new-york-looting/index.html>https://www.cnn.com/style/article/met-museum-artifacts-seized-new-york-looting/index.html/a> (last visited Sep. 3, 2022)./p>p>Tom Mashberg & Graham Bowley, em>Investigators, Citing Looting, Have Seized 27 Antiquities From the Met/em>, The New York Times (Sep. 2, 2022), a hrefhttps://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/02/arts/design/met-museum-looting.html>https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/02/arts/design/met-museum-looting.html/a>./p>p>Elaine Velie & Elaine Velie, em>Manhattan DA to Seize Looted Hindu Artifact From Met Museum/em>, Hyperallergic, a hrefhttp://hyperallergic.com/757491/manhattan-da-to-seize-looted-hindu-artifact-from-met-museum/>http://hyperallergic.com/757491/manhattan-da-to-seize-looted-hindu-artifact-from-met-museum//a> (last visited Sep. 3, 2022)./p>p>/p>p>a hrefhttps://nyti.ms/3Q6yGx6?fbclidIwAR0n1HRAY9XDZnryXHDsehceCVKmWZ7fYJMaw4UVmE2lC7hizjRLKjC4cvA relnoreferrer noopener target_blank>/a>/p> /div>!-- .entry-content --> footer classentry-footer> span classbyline>span classauthor vcard>img alt srchttp://0.gravatar.com/avatar/973aed06e5f9997d0dec1e02d3d2140c?s49&dmm&rg srcsethttp://0.gravatar.com/avatar/973aed06e5f9997d0dec1e02d3d2140c?s98&dmm&rg 2x classavatar avatar-49 photo height49 width49 loadinglazy decodingasync/>span classscreen-reader-text>Author /span> a classurl fn n hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/author/webmaster/>Derek Fincham/a>/span>/span>span classposted-on>span classscreen-reader-text>Posted on /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/27-objects-seized-from-the-met/ relbookmark>time classentry-date published datetime2022-09-03T12:35:49-07:00>September 3, 2022/time>time classupdated datetime2022-09-03T12:36:30-07:00>September 3, 2022/time>/a>/span>span classcat-links>span classscreen-reader-text>Categories /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/category/antiquities/ relcategory tag>Antiquities/a>/span>span classtags-links>span classscreen-reader-text>Tags /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/antiquities-2/ reltag>antiquities/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/gianfranco-becchina/ reltag>Gianfranco Becchina/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/metropolitan-museum-of-art-the-met/ reltag>Metropolitan Museum of Art (the Met)/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/robin-symes/ reltag>Robin Symes/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/seizures/ reltag>seizures/a>/span>span classcomments-link>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/27-objects-seized-from-the-met/#respond>Leave a commentspan classscreen-reader-text> on 27 Objects Seized From the Met/span>/a>/span> /footer>!-- .entry-footer -->/article>!-- #post-12601 -->article idpost-12525 classpost-12525 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-museums category-uncategorized tag-dallas-museum-of-art tag-vandalism> header classentry-header> h2 classentry-title>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/smash-and-smash-at-the-dallas-museum-of-art/ relbookmark>Smash and Smash at the Dallas Museum of Art/a>/h2> /header>!-- .entry-header --> div classentry-content> p>Both the Dallas Museum of art and an alleged vandal had a very bad Wednesday evening last night. Dallas police have said that a young man of 21 allegedly went up to the glass doors of the Museum, smashed his way in using a metal chair, and then began breaking display cases and their contents. And the damage was considerable./p>figure classwp-block-image size-full>a hrefhttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/image.png>img loadinglazy decodingasync width324 height560 srchttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/image.png?resize324%2C560 alt classwp-image-12527 srcsethttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/image.png?w324 324w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/image.png?resize174%2C300 174w sizes(max-width: 324px) 85vw, 324px data-recalc-dims1 />/a>figcaption>A Black-figure panel amphora/figcaption>/figure>p>One of the smashed objects was a hrefhttps://collections.dma.org/artwork/4334526>this amphora/a>, and according to the DMA website, it dates to the 6th Century and depicts a battle between Achilles and Prince Memnon of Ethiopia. /p>figure classwp-block-image size-full is-resized>a hrefhttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/image-1.png>img loadinglazy decodingasync srchttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/image-1.png?resize560%2C300 alt classwp-image-12528 width560 height300 srcsethttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/image-1.png?w560 560w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/image-1.png?resize300%2C161 300w sizes(max-width: 560px) 85vw, 560px data-recalc-dims1 />/a>figcaption>Batah Kuhuh Alligator Gar Fish Effigy Bottle/figcaption>/figure>p>Another smashed object was this lovely more recent a hrefhttps://collections.dma.org/artwork/5353161>effigy bottle /a>depicting an Alligator Gar by the artist Chase Kahwinhut Earles. /p>p>Details released by police about the incident seem to indicate the perpetrator was just really frustrated after an argument with his girlfriend. Motion sensors inside the Museum alerted security to the intruder, but he apparently also called the police himself./p>p>In a statement the DMA noted “This was an isolated incident perpetrated by one individual acting alone, whose intent was not theft of art or any objects on view . . . However, some works of art were damaged and we are still in the process of assessing the extent of the damages.”/p>p>So hopefully then enough fragments were recovered that these pieces may be put back together again. And if so, who knows, maybe the cool Alligator gar effigy bottle will become world famous, like the em>Mona Lisa/em>, which suffered an attack from an attention-seeker last week. Remember, it was the theft of that painting in 1911 by artist Vincenczo Peruggia which first sent that work into art stardom./p>p>Tommy Cummings, em>$5 Million of Ancient Art Destroyed at DMA in Overnight Break-In/em>, The Dallas Morning News, a hrefhttps://www.dallasnews.com/arts-entertainment/visual-arts/2022/06/02/5-million-of-ancient-art-destroyed-at-dma-in-overnight-break-in/ https://perma.cc/H3TD-NEWT>https://www.dallasnews.com/arts-entertainment/visual-arts/2022/06/02/5-million-of-ancient-art-destroyed-at-dma-in-overnight-break-in/ https://perma.cc/H3TD-NEWT/a> (last visited Jun. 2, 2022)./p> /div>!-- .entry-content --> footer classentry-footer> span classbyline>span classauthor vcard>img alt srchttp://0.gravatar.com/avatar/973aed06e5f9997d0dec1e02d3d2140c?s49&dmm&rg srcsethttp://0.gravatar.com/avatar/973aed06e5f9997d0dec1e02d3d2140c?s98&dmm&rg 2x classavatar avatar-49 photo height49 width49 loadinglazy decodingasync/>span classscreen-reader-text>Author /span> a classurl fn n hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/author/webmaster/>Derek Fincham/a>/span>/span>span classposted-on>span classscreen-reader-text>Posted on /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/smash-and-smash-at-the-dallas-museum-of-art/ relbookmark>time classentry-date published datetime2022-06-02T13:46:59-07:00>June 2, 2022/time>time classupdated datetime2022-06-02T13:48:36-07:00>June 2, 2022/time>/a>/span>span classcat-links>span classscreen-reader-text>Categories /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/category/museums/ relcategory tag>Museums/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/category/uncategorized/ relcategory tag>Uncategorized/a>/span>span classtags-links>span classscreen-reader-text>Tags /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/dallas-museum-of-art/ reltag>Dallas Museum of Art/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/vandalism/ reltag>Vandalism/a>/span>span classcomments-link>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/smash-and-smash-at-the-dallas-museum-of-art/#respond>Leave a commentspan classscreen-reader-text> on Smash and Smash at the Dallas Museum of Art/span>/a>/span> /footer>!-- .entry-footer -->/article>!-- #post-12525 -->article idpost-12413 classpost-12413 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-book-reviews tag-benin-bronzes tag-british-museum tag-brutish-museum tag-museums tag-repatriation tag-universal-museums> header classentry-header> h2 classentry-title>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/elizabeth-marlowes-review-of-the-brutish-museum/ relbookmark>Elizabeth Marlowe’s Review of ‘The Brutish Museum’/a>/h2> /header>!-- .entry-header --> div classentry-content> figure classwp-block-image>img decodingasync srchttps://i0.wp.com/images-us.bookshop.org/ingram/9780745341767.jpg?w840&ssl1 alt data-recalc-dims1/>/figure>p>Elizibeth Marlowe reviews The Brutish Museum for the International Journal of Cultural Property:/p>blockquote classwp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow>p>Dan Hicks’s new book, em>The Brutish Museums: The Benin Bronzes, Colonial Violence and Cultural Restitution/em>, has made a splash. Designated by the em>New York Times/em> as one of the best art books of 2020, featured on blogs, podcasts, webinars, and in mainstream newspapers, the book and its author, the professor of contemporary archaeology at the University of Oxford and curator at Oxford’s Pitt Rivers Museum, are suddenly everywhere. This Zoom-enabled ubiquity can be understood in the context of the larger historical reckonings of 2020 and 2021 – a global pandemic fueled by global capitalism, climate change, and incompetent governance; a breaking point in the long saga of police brutality against racial minorities and white indifference to it; a toppling of statues to colonialist and Confederate leaders around the world; and, as I was finishing the book, a final attempt to impeach a hate-mongering US president for fomenting rebellion against the very democratic institutions he swore to serve. In its passionately argued call for the restitution of cultural artifacts looted in one of the most notoriously brutal episodes of colonial violence, em>The Brutish Museums/em> encapsulates the zeitgeist./p>cite>a hrefhttps://doi.org/10.1017/S0940739121000291>Continue reading, no paywall…/a>/cite>/blockquote>ul>li>a hrefhttps://bookshop.org/a/9993/9780745341767>Bookshop.org link for Dan Hicks’, The Brutish Museum’. /a>/li>li>Elizabeth Marlowe, em>a hrefhttps://doi.org/10.1017/S0940739121000291>Review of Dan Hicks, The Brutish Museums: The Benin Bronzes, Colonial Violence and Cultural Restitution. 345 Pp. Pluto Press, 2020./a>/em>, International Journal of Cultural Property 1 (Cambridge University Press)./li>/ul>p>/p> /div>!-- .entry-content --> footer classentry-footer> span classbyline>span classauthor vcard>img alt srchttp://0.gravatar.com/avatar/973aed06e5f9997d0dec1e02d3d2140c?s49&dmm&rg srcsethttp://0.gravatar.com/avatar/973aed06e5f9997d0dec1e02d3d2140c?s98&dmm&rg 2x classavatar avatar-49 photo height49 width49 loadinglazy decodingasync/>span classscreen-reader-text>Author /span> a classurl fn n hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/author/webmaster/>Derek Fincham/a>/span>/span>span classposted-on>span classscreen-reader-text>Posted on /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/elizabeth-marlowes-review-of-the-brutish-museum/ relbookmark>time classentry-date published updated datetime2022-02-02T08:41:07-07:00>February 2, 2022/time>/a>/span>span classcat-links>span classscreen-reader-text>Categories /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/category/book-reviews/ relcategory tag>Book Reviews/a>/span>span classtags-links>span classscreen-reader-text>Tags /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/benin-bronzes/ reltag>Benin bronzes/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/british-museum/ reltag>British Museum/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/brutish-museum/ reltag>Brutish Museum/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/museums/ reltag>Museums/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/repatriation/ reltag>Repatriation/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/universal-museums/ reltag>universal museums/a>/span>span classcomments-link>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/elizabeth-marlowes-review-of-the-brutish-museum/#respond>Leave a commentspan classscreen-reader-text> on Elizabeth Marlowe’s Review of ‘The Brutish Museum’/span>/a>/span> /footer>!-- .entry-footer -->/article>!-- #post-12413 -->article idpost-12370 classpost-12370 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-uncategorized tag-pandora-papers> header classentry-header> h2 classentry-title>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/the-terrific-pandora-papers-looted-art-article/ relbookmark>The Terrific Pandora Papers Looted Art Article/a>/h2> /header>!-- .entry-header --> div classentry-content> figure classwp-block-image size-large>a hrefhttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/0505280017PThompyramid.jpg>img loadinglazy decodingasync width798 height503 srchttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/0505280017PThompyramid.jpg?resize798%2C503 alt classwp-image-12371 srcsethttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/0505280017PThompyramid.jpg?w798 798w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/0505280017PThompyramid.jpg?resize300%2C189 300w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/0505280017PThompyramid.jpg?resize768%2C484 768w sizes(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 61vw, (max-width: 1362px) 45vw, 600px data-recalc-dims1 />/a>figcaption>Prang Temple of Jayavarman IV (928-41), Koh Ker Cambodia (a hrefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koh_Ker#/media/File:0505280017PThompyramid.jpg>via/a>)/figcaption>/figure>p>I want to praise the terrific reporting done by Peter Whoriskey, Malia Politzer, Delphine Reuter, and Spencer Woodman. Their piece titled “a hrefhttps://www.washingtonpost.com/world/interactive/2021/met-museum-cambodian-antiquities-latchford/>Global Hunt for Looted Treasures Leads to Offshore Trusts/a>” gets so many of the details about the illicit trade in antiquities right, and is thoroughly sourced and researched. The longread details the extent to which the super-rich have turned to offshore trusts and asset havens in order to avoid the increasing object-focused investigation and regulation of the art and antiquities trade. The piece is fantastic, with a beautiful kicker at the end, don’t miss it./p>p>The great detail about the antiquities trade, the wealthy collectors who fuel it with money, and the damage done to sites and heritage are a real highlight of the reporting. Here’s a glimpse:/p>blockquote classwp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow>p>“Latchford’s infatuation with Khmer artwork coincided with a hot market for antiquities looted from Cambodia and neighboring Thailand and Laos. All three countries were part of the Khmer Empire, which flourished from the 9th to 15th centuries./p>p>Beginning in the 1970s, amid the tumult of civil war and Pol Pot’s genocidal regime in Cambodia, the temple complexes of the Khmer Empire — including three designated by UNESCO as World Heritage sites — fell prey to massive bouts of ransacking. Organized networks, often headed by members of the military or the Khmer Rouge, Pol Pot’s radical communist movement, broke statues from their pedestals. Dynamite blasted other relics loose. Entire walls were trucked away. Proceeds from this pillaging, experts say, helped fund the fighting. The looting continued into the 2010s./p>p>One particular target was the ancient city of Koh Ker, with its 76 temples and aqueducts, statuary and a seven-level pyramid. The statues of Koh Ker were distinctive and revolutionary for their time: Artisans carved sandstone masterpieces that were intricately detailed, larger-than-life and often infused with dynamic movement.”/p>/blockquote>p>The Pandora papers are the name given a consortium of hundreds of news organizations around the world who have done a terrific job of making the investigation into the 12 million documents that reveals hidden wealth, tax avoidance, and even money laundering. The data was obtained by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ). It focuses on the collection of art of the late Douglas Latchford, and the efforts by Federal Prosecutors to seize looted art from him and even indict him personally. The documents reveal that these offshore trusts are the mechanism used when investigators and prosecutors investigate, seize, or forfeit this looted material and the proceeds. As investigation and prosecution has advanced in recent decades, so too have the strategies used to evade the law./p>p>One of the interesting details of the piece is how many museums still have pieces linked to Latchford or his associates:/p>ul>li>Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York/li>li>Denver Art Museum/li>li>British Museum/li>li>Cleveland Museum of Art/li>li>Museum of Fine Arts, Boston/li>li>Asian Art Museum, San Fancisco/li>li>Brooklyn Museum, New York/li>li>National Gallery of Australia, Canberra/li>li>Walter Art Museum, Baltimore/li>li>Los Angeles County Museum of Art/li>/ul>p>Many of these of course are museums which have often been connected to the illicit trade in art and antiquities. The piece also offers a a hrefhttps://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2021/10/05/museums-response-pandora-papers-antiquities/>rundown of responses/a> by these museums which range from LACMA’s ‘no comment’; to the MET’s empty claim that it ‘is committed to the responsible acquisition of archaeological art’. /p>p>Peter Whoriskey et al., em>Global Hunt for Looted Treasures Leads to Offshore Trusts/em>, Washington Post (Oct. 5, 2021), a hrefhttps://www.washingtonpost.com/world/interactive/2021/met-museum-cambodian-antiquities-latchford/ https://perma.cc/5ZAG-5E67>https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/interactive/2021/met-museum-cambodian-antiquities-latchford/ https://perma.cc/5ZAG-5E67/a>. /p>p>em>Responses from Museums to Pandora Papers Antiquities Investigation/em>, Washington Post (Oct. 5, 2021), a hrefhttps://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2021/10/05/museums-response-pandora-papers-antiquities/%20https://perma.cc/SCG9-CHK2>https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2021/10/05/museums-response-pandora-papers-antiquities/ https://perma.cc/SCG9-CHK2/a>./p>p>em>Pandora Papers: A Simple Guide to the Pandora Papers Leak/em>, BBC News (Oct. 5, 2021), a hrefhttps://www.bbc.com/news/world-58780561 https://perma.cc/574Y-PNNF>https://www.bbc.com/news/world-58780561 https://perma.cc/574Y-PNNF/a>. /p> /div>!-- .entry-content --> footer classentry-footer> span classbyline>span classauthor vcard>img alt srchttp://0.gravatar.com/avatar/973aed06e5f9997d0dec1e02d3d2140c?s49&dmm&rg srcsethttp://0.gravatar.com/avatar/973aed06e5f9997d0dec1e02d3d2140c?s98&dmm&rg 2x classavatar avatar-49 photo height49 width49 loadinglazy decodingasync/>span classscreen-reader-text>Author /span> a classurl fn n hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/author/webmaster/>Derek Fincham/a>/span>/span>span classposted-on>span classscreen-reader-text>Posted on /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/the-terrific-pandora-papers-looted-art-article/ relbookmark>time classentry-date published updated datetime2021-10-09T09:35:40-07:00>October 9, 2021/time>/a>/span>span classcat-links>span classscreen-reader-text>Categories /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/category/uncategorized/ relcategory tag>Uncategorized/a>/span>span classtags-links>span classscreen-reader-text>Tags /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/pandora-papers/ reltag>Pandora Papers/a>/span>span classcomments-link>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/the-terrific-pandora-papers-looted-art-article/#respond>Leave a commentspan classscreen-reader-text> on The Terrific Pandora Papers Looted Art Article/span>/a>/span> /footer>!-- .entry-footer -->/article>!-- #post-12370 -->article idpost-12305 classpost-12305 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-antiquities category-repatriation category-underwater-cultural-heritage tag-bronze-statue-of-a-victorious-youth tag-fano-athlete tag-getty tag-italy tag-underwater-cultural-heritage> header classentry-header> h2 classentry-title>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/italian-senate-renews-call-for-return-of-the-bronze-statue-of-a-victorious-youth/ relbookmark>Italian Senate renews call for return of the ‘Bronze Statue of a Victorious Youth’/a>/h2> /header>!-- .entry-header --> div classentry-content> figure classwp-block-image size-medium is-style-rounded>a hrefhttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/IMG_2866.jpg>img loadinglazy decodingasync width225 height300 srchttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/IMG_2866.jpg?resize225%2C300 alt classwp-image-2916 srcsethttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/IMG_2866.jpg?resize225%2C300 225w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/IMG_2866.jpg?resize768%2C1024 768w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/IMG_2866.jpg?w1200 1200w sizes(max-width: 225px) 85vw, 225px data-recalc-dims1 />/a>figcaption>L’Atleta di Fano/Bronze Statue of a Victorious youth, at the Getty Villa/figcaption>/figure>p>The Italian Senate’s Culture Commission has unanimously approved a resolution to renew the call for the return of the ‘a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/the-bronze-statue-of-a-victorious-youth/ data-typepost data-id1080>Bronze Statue of a Victorious Youth/a>‘ currently in the possession of the Getty Foundation at its Villa in Malibu. The call has also been taken up by the mayor of Fano, Massimo Seri. Seri has been a dogged champion for the return of the Bronze, noting that Italian forfeiture decisions give Italy a right of recovery, and even trying unsuccessfully to make the Bronze a discussion at the Italian meeting of the G20 later this year. /p>p>The resolution by the Italian Senate Committee was according the the Art Neewspaper crafted by Senator Margherita Corrado. The resolution will involve streamlining the efforts to seek the return of contested objects of cultural heritage:/p>blockquote classwp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow>p>To assign a smaller pool of district magistrates to restitution cases “to allow for greater specialisation”, favour the training of magistrates in cultural heritage law, and encourage universities to teach legal archaeology in relevant courses. Furthermore, the government will collaborate with the Rai public broadcasting service to raise general awareness among citizens about restitution through programming, the resolution states./p>/blockquote>p>It is not clear how that streamlining will link up with the current framework created by the a hrefhttp://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID13039&URL_DODO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION201.html>1970 UNESCO Convention/a>, the companion a hrefhttps://www.unidroit.org/instruments/cultural-property/1995-convention>1995 UNIDROIT Convention/a>, or the various bilateral agreements currently in place. Specialized training and courses at University are a welcome step, but Italy already has world class legal experts at its Universities, so I look forward to learning more about what this new initiative will actually look like. And I’m most interested in the impact of an Italian Senate Committee resolution, and if it will unlock funding and substantial change. If so, it could be a most welcome development for the obligations Italy and other Nations have under International Cultural Heritage Law. /p>p>The Art Newspaper also reported on what may be a more impactful mechanism, which would be to shut the Getty out of future efforts. In 2020 an internal culture ministry communication absolutely foreclosed the facilitation of the stunning Torlonia marbles collection: “After the refusal of the Getty Museum to recognise the sentence of the Court of Cassation . . . the Ministry has limited relations with the American museum to projects that have already been initiated.”/p>p>The ancient greek Bronze, likely made between 300-100 BCE was most likely hauled up by Italian fishermen in the 1960s, on a vessel based in the fishing town of Fano on the Adriatic Coast. A full account of the likely journey of the Bronze can be found in the terrific investigative book on lots of the acquisitions by the Getty Foundation, a hrefhttps://bookshop.org/a/9993/9780151015016>em>Chasing Aphrodite/em> by Jason Felch and Ralph Frammolino/a>. Italy has persistently asked for its return, and the Forfeiture ruling in Italy’s Court of Cassation gives Italy a domestic right to the return of the marbles. /p>p>The only hurdle then would be to have a compatible decision which would be enforced by American Courts. As I wrote in a 2013 Piece for Cardozo’s Arts and Entertainment Law Journal, a hrefhttps://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id2238204 data-typepost>United States Federal Law has such a mechanism/a>, Italy simply needs to request its application./p>p>James Imam, em>Italy Strengthens Case for Return of “Victorious Youth” Bronze from Getty Museum in Heritage Feud that Has Lasted Decades/em>, The Art Newspaper, a hrefhttps://www.theartnewspaper.com/news/victorious-youth-getty-italian-senate https://perma.cc/296Y-D5X7?typeimage>https://www.theartnewspaper.com/news/victorious-youth-getty-italian-senate https://perma.cc/296Y-D5X7?typeimage/a> (last visited Jul. 21, 2021). /p>p>em>Lisippo: sindaco Fano, risoluzione Senato aiuta ritorno Italia – Marche/em>, Agenzia ANSA, a hrefhttps://www.ansa.it/marche/notizie/2021/07/19/lisippo-sindaco-fano-risoluzione-senato-aiuta-ritorno-italia_4f3315c4-d193-433f-80a4-ad2545c33632.html https://perma.cc/5R87-RPVH>https://www.ansa.it/marche/notizie/2021/07/19/lisippo-sindaco-fano-risoluzione-senato-aiuta-ritorno-italia_4f3315c4-d193-433f-80a4-ad2545c33632.html https://perma.cc/5R87-RPVH/a> (last visited Jul. 21, 2021)./p>p>/p>p> /p> /div>!-- .entry-content --> footer classentry-footer> span classbyline>span classauthor vcard>img alt srchttp://0.gravatar.com/avatar/973aed06e5f9997d0dec1e02d3d2140c?s49&dmm&rg srcsethttp://0.gravatar.com/avatar/973aed06e5f9997d0dec1e02d3d2140c?s98&dmm&rg 2x classavatar avatar-49 photo height49 width49 loadinglazy decodingasync/>span classscreen-reader-text>Author /span> a classurl fn n hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/author/webmaster/>Derek Fincham/a>/span>/span>span classposted-on>span classscreen-reader-text>Posted on /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/italian-senate-renews-call-for-return-of-the-bronze-statue-of-a-victorious-youth/ relbookmark>time classentry-date published datetime2021-07-21T10:11:12-07:00>July 21, 2021/time>time classupdated datetime2021-07-21T10:11:40-07:00>July 21, 2021/time>/a>/span>span classcat-links>span classscreen-reader-text>Categories /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/category/antiquities/ relcategory tag>Antiquities/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/category/repatriation/ relcategory tag>Repatriation/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/category/underwater-cultural-heritage/ relcategory tag>underwater cultural heritage/a>/span>span classtags-links>span classscreen-reader-text>Tags /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/bronze-statue-of-a-victorious-youth/ reltag>Bronze Statue of a Victorious Youth/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/fano-athlete/ reltag>Fano athlete/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/getty/ reltag>Getty/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/italy/ reltag>Italy/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/underwater-cultural-heritage/ reltag>Underwater Cultural Heritage/a>/span>span classcomments-link>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/italian-senate-renews-call-for-return-of-the-bronze-statue-of-a-victorious-youth/#comments>1 Commentspan classscreen-reader-text> on Italian Senate renews call for return of the ‘Bronze Statue of a Victorious Youth’/span>/a>/span> /footer>!-- .entry-footer -->/article>!-- #post-12305 -->article idpost-12225 classpost-12225 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-uncategorized tag-alamo tag-fake-antiquities tag-fakes tag-san-antonio tag-texas> header classentry-header> h2 classentry-title>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/psychics-bowie-knives-fake-alamo-artifacts-new-book-out-today-on-how-texas-cant-shake-the-alamo/ relbookmark>Psychics, Bowie knives, fake Alamo artifacts: New Book out today on how Texas can’t shake the Alamo/a>/h2> /header>!-- .entry-header --> div classentry-content> figure classwp-block-image size-large>a hrefhttps://bookshop.org/a/9993/9781984880093>img loadinglazy decodingasync width658 height1000 srchttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/9781984880093.jpg?resize658%2C1000 alt classwp-image-12226 srcsethttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/9781984880093.jpg?w658 658w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/9781984880093.jpg?resize197%2C300 197w sizes(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 61vw, (max-width: 1362px) 45vw, 600px data-recalc-dims1 />/a>/figure>p>/p>p>I have been enjoying immensely the excerpts from this book, Forget the Alamo, which have been appearing in the Houston Chronicle and Texas Monthly in recent weeks. Today the book is published, and you can order a copy from a hrefhttps://bookshop.org/a/9993/9781984880093>bookshop here/a> if you are interested. And I think you should be. /p>p>It seems that Phil Collins (yes, that Phil Collins) has been an avid collector of Alamo knives, belts, and memorabilia for decades. As you might expect, his appetite for acquiring the artifacts has created a kind of Collins-centered Alamo artifact trade. And as with any collector-driven trade without safeguards, much of the material may be fake. /p>p>These writers are focused mainly on how politicians in Texas are trying to tell the story of the Alamo, and how efforts to incorporate a full and rich telling have been met with Republican in-fighting between the newest rising politician with the last name Bush, George P., and the state’s super-conservative Dan Patrick. But the excerpt in Texas Monthly has some really wild details. Like when you are acquiring material you have to just trust your gut:/p>blockquote classwp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow>p>Nesmith gave McDuffie some out-of-the-box advice: documents proving an artifact’s authenticity are important, but in the end, you have to trust your gut. “Why do you care what other people think?” McDuffie recalls Nesmith saying. “What do em>you /em>think? What does your gut tell you?” It was advice McDuffie took to heart. “When I started listening to my own gut, that’s when I really started finding pieces that were just really great,” he says./p>/blockquote>p>Another detail that was just astounding is a collector/dealer named Joseph Musso claims to have acquired not one but two artifacts he claims were owned by James Bowie. And how did he know? He just applied some cleaner to them and held them up to the sun to reveal the initials ‘JB’. Not once but twice! And this is apparently not ever how initials on older weapons get revealed!/p>p>Also, he felt the need to authenticate that this was the personal knife of Bowie, so what did he do? Took it to a psychic, as you do of course. But not just any psychic, he didn’t believe in the paranormal so he wanted a really really good psychic, the late Peter Hurkos who passed away in 1996. What’s better object history than an anonymous collector? A superstar deceased psychic! /p>blockquote classwp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow>p>Hurkos, who had worked on the Charles Manson and Boston Strangler cases, agreed to a meeting, Musso says. After Musso handed him a brown paper bag with the knife inside, Hurkos reportedly named the man who had sold the knife to Musso. Musso says he then laid out several photos facedown and Hurkos pointed at one, which Musso then flipped over. It was Bowie’s portrait; Hurkos declared the knife had belonged to him. To Musso, this was just another piece of evidence that would help him build a case for authentication. /p>/blockquote>p>The Alamo is enshrined on the World Heritage list, not by itself, and not because of a warped version of history, but as part of a mission system created by Catholic colonizers from the 17th century. The book has jumped to the top of my reading pile, and I’ll post a full review when I’m finished. It promises to tell a full accounting of how the State of Texas is trying to scrounge up the astounding $300 million needed to revitalize the Alamo and its surrounding area and create a museum full of Phil Collins’ and his dodgy Alamo purchases. While some of that material sounds as if it may actually be authentic. We absolutely can make an educated guess that a lot of the material will be fake, will be found out, and will be a colossal embarrassing waste of tax revenue. What might that funding go for instead? Solving the State’s homelessness crisis? Arts education? Environmental regulations? /p>p>a hrefhttps://bookshop.org/a/9993/9781984880093>em>Forget the Alamo: The Rise and Fall of an American Myth/em> /a>(Jun. 2021). /p>p>Abigail Rosenthal, em>Does Phil Collins Have a Huge Collection of Fake Alamo Artifacts?/em>, Chron, a hrefhttps://www.chron.com/politics/article/phil-collins-alamo-dan-patrick-16190841.php>https://www.chron.com/politics/article/phil-collins-alamo-dan-patrick-16190841.php/a> (last visited Jun. 8, 2021). /p>p>em>The Next Battle of the Alamo!/em>, Texas Monthly, a hrefhttps://www.texasmonthly.com/being-texan/next-battle-of-alamo/>https://www.texasmonthly.com/being-texan/next-battle-of-alamo//a> (last visited Jun. 8, 2021)./p> /div>!-- .entry-content --> footer classentry-footer> span classbyline>span classauthor vcard>img alt srchttp://0.gravatar.com/avatar/973aed06e5f9997d0dec1e02d3d2140c?s49&dmm&rg srcsethttp://0.gravatar.com/avatar/973aed06e5f9997d0dec1e02d3d2140c?s98&dmm&rg 2x classavatar avatar-49 photo height49 width49 loadinglazy decodingasync/>span classscreen-reader-text>Author /span> a classurl fn n hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/author/webmaster/>Derek Fincham/a>/span>/span>span classposted-on>span classscreen-reader-text>Posted on /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/psychics-bowie-knives-fake-alamo-artifacts-new-book-out-today-on-how-texas-cant-shake-the-alamo/ relbookmark>time classentry-date published updated datetime2021-06-08T14:56:26-07:00>June 8, 2021/time>/a>/span>span classcat-links>span classscreen-reader-text>Categories /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/category/uncategorized/ relcategory tag>Uncategorized/a>/span>span classtags-links>span classscreen-reader-text>Tags /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/alamo/ reltag>Alamo/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/fake-antiquities/ reltag>fake antiquities/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/fakes/ reltag>Fakes/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/san-antonio/ reltag>San Antonio/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/texas/ reltag>Texas/a>/span>span classcomments-link>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/psychics-bowie-knives-fake-alamo-artifacts-new-book-out-today-on-how-texas-cant-shake-the-alamo/#respond>Leave a commentspan classscreen-reader-text> on Psychics, Bowie knives, fake Alamo artifacts: New Book out today on how Texas can’t shake the Alamo/span>/a>/span> /footer>!-- .entry-footer -->/article>!-- #post-12225 -->article idpost-12071 classpost-12071 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-events-and-conferences> header classentry-header> h2 classentry-title>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/online-symposium-on-the-benin-bronzes-friday-apr-9/ relbookmark>Online Symposium on the Benin Bronzes Friday Apr. 9/a>/h2> /header>!-- .entry-header --> div classentry-content> p>I was forwarded a message that the Italian Academy for Advanced Studies and the Institute of African Studies, both at Columbia University, will hold an online live event on Friday called: The Benin Bronzes: Towards the Resolution of a Long-Standing Dispute?./p>p>a hrefhttps://italianacademy.columbia.edu/event/benin-bronzes-towards-resolution-long-standing-dispute>Here is the link for registration and the slate of presenters./a>/p>p>/p> /div>!-- .entry-content --> footer classentry-footer> span classbyline>span classauthor vcard>img alt srchttp://0.gravatar.com/avatar/973aed06e5f9997d0dec1e02d3d2140c?s49&dmm&rg srcsethttp://0.gravatar.com/avatar/973aed06e5f9997d0dec1e02d3d2140c?s98&dmm&rg 2x classavatar avatar-49 photo height49 width49 loadinglazy decodingasync/>span classscreen-reader-text>Author /span> a classurl fn n hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/author/webmaster/>Derek Fincham/a>/span>/span>span classposted-on>span classscreen-reader-text>Posted on /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/online-symposium-on-the-benin-bronzes-friday-apr-9/ relbookmark>time classentry-date published updated datetime2021-04-07T14:19:12-07:00>April 7, 2021/time>/a>/span>span classcat-links>span classscreen-reader-text>Categories /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/category/events-and-conferences/ relcategory tag>Events and Conferences/a>/span>span classcomments-link>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/online-symposium-on-the-benin-bronzes-friday-apr-9/#respond>Leave a commentspan classscreen-reader-text> on Online Symposium on the Benin Bronzes Friday Apr. 9/span>/a>/span> /footer>!-- .entry-footer -->/article>!-- #post-12071 -->article idpost-12059 classpost-12059 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-museums category-repatriation tag-benin-bronzes tag-cultural-justice tag-repatriation> header classentry-header> h2 classentry-title>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/university-of-aberdeen-will-repatriate-a-benin-bronze-to-nigeria/ relbookmark>University of Aberdeen will repatriate a Benin bronze to Nigeria/a>/h2> /header>!-- .entry-header --> div classentry-content> figure classwp-block-image size-large>a hrefhttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/copper_alloy_sculpture_depicting_an_oba_king_of_benin_front.jpg>img loadinglazy decodingasync width840 height840 srchttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/copper_alloy_sculpture_depicting_an_oba_king_of_benin_front.jpg?resize840%2C840 alt classwp-image-12060 srcsethttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/copper_alloy_sculpture_depicting_an_oba_king_of_benin_front.jpg?resize1024%2C1024 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/copper_alloy_sculpture_depicting_an_oba_king_of_benin_front.jpg?resize300%2C300 300w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/copper_alloy_sculpture_depicting_an_oba_king_of_benin_front.jpg?resize150%2C150 150w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/copper_alloy_sculpture_depicting_an_oba_king_of_benin_front.jpg?resize768%2C768 768w, https://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/copper_alloy_sculpture_depicting_an_oba_king_of_benin_front.jpg?w1200 1200w sizes(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px data-recalc-dims1 />/a>/figure>p>The University of Aberdeen has joined other forward-thinking institutions such as a hrefhttps://www.dw.com/en/a-matter-of-fairness-new-debate-about-benin-bronzes-in-germany/a-57013604>the Humboldt Forum museum in Berlin /a>and announced that it will return a Benin bronze to the Nigerian government. In a statement the University announced the return because of its “extremely immoral” acquisition, and called on other Museums in the United Kingdom to conduct their own inquiry and follow their lead. I could not be more proud of my former University and I hope this move will continue to push other institutions holding on to their colonial treasures to pursue justice for these objects and the creator cultures which desire their return./p>p>Benin’s cultural patrimony was looted by British forces in 1897 during a violent dispute in which a British delegation was attacked, and then a large Punitive Expedition was assembled and exiled the leader of benin Oba Ovonramwen. The British destroyed Benin City and took back to Britain bronze sculptures, brass plaques, and sculptures created with the lost wax process. The Kingdom of Benin as I understand had been a capable and vibrant trading partner with Europe for hundreds of years, but in the 19th Century drive to colonize Africa, the culture and independence of the Kingdom of Benin was an inconvenience for the British empire and so was eradicated and impoverished. /p>p>This return continues a rich history of repatriation by the University. Neil Curtis, who head’s Aberdeen University’s museums and special collections said in a statement: /p>blockquote classwp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow>p>The University of Aberdeen has previously agreed to repatriate sacred items and ancestral remains to Canada, Australia and New Zealand, and has a procedure that considers requests in consultation with claimants. An ongoing review of the collections identified the Head of an Oba as having been acquired in a way that we now consider to have been extremely immoral, so we took a proactive approach to identify the appropriate people to discuss what to do./p>/blockquote>figure classwp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio>div classwp-block-embed__wrapper>span classembed-youtube styletext-align:center; display: block;>iframe loadinglazy classyoutube-player width840 height473 srchttps://www.youtube.com/embed/tv6eak4U2vs?version3&rel1&showsearch0&showinfo1&iv_load_policy1&fs1&hlen-US&autohide2&wmodetransparent allowfullscreentrue styleborder:0; sandboxallow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox>/iframe>/span>/div>/figure>p>The University museum has a small but lovely collection, and its location, the former Marischal College in central Aberdeen is being renovated, so there were not large numbers of visitors that will be disappointed in not being able to see this object on display. But that should not diminish the just result here. This head will be returned and viewed in context at a new cultural complex in Benin City which will be designed by David Adjaye. /p>p>em>University to Return Benin Bronze | News | The University of Aberdeen/em>, a hrefhttps://www.abdn.ac.uk/news/14790/>https://www.abdn.ac.uk/news/14790//a> (last visited Mar. 26, 2021); /p>p>em>University of Aberdeen to Return Pillaged Benin Bronze to Nigeria/em>, the Guardian, a hrefhttp://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/mar/25/university-of-aberdeen-to-return-pillaged-benin-bronze-to-nigeria https://perma.cc/R4GD-QNQX>http://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/mar/25/university-of-aberdeen-to-return-pillaged-benin-bronze-to-nigeria https://perma.cc/R4GD-QNQX/a> (last visited Mar. 26, 2021); /p>p>Catherine Hickley, em>University of Aberdeen to Return Benin Bronze Looted by British Troops to Nigeria/em>, The Art Newspaper, a hrefhttp://www.theartnewspaper.com/news/university-of-aberdeen-to-return-benin-bronze-looted-by-british-troops-to-nigeria>http://www.theartnewspaper.com/news/university-of-aberdeen-to-return-benin-bronze-looted-by-british-troops-to-nigeria/a> (last visited Mar. 26, 2021); /p>p>Alex Greenberger & Alex Greenberger, em>Scottish University Becomes First to Repatriate Benin Bronze to Nigeria/em>, ARTnews.com (Mar. 25, 2021), a hrefhttps://www.artnews.com/art-news/news/university-of-aberdeen-returns-benin-bronze-1234587803/>https://www.artnews.com/art-news/news/university-of-aberdeen-returns-benin-bronze-1234587803//a>; /p>p>em>University of Aberdeen to Repatriate “looted” Nigerian Bronze Sculpture/em>, BBC News (Mar. 25, 2021), a hrefhttps://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-north-east-orkney-shetland-56513346 https://perma.cc/M9NE-SXQ9>https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-north-east-orkney-shetland-56513346 https://perma.cc/M9NE-SXQ9/a>./p> /div>!-- .entry-content --> footer classentry-footer> span classbyline>span classauthor vcard>img alt srchttp://0.gravatar.com/avatar/973aed06e5f9997d0dec1e02d3d2140c?s49&dmm&rg srcsethttp://0.gravatar.com/avatar/973aed06e5f9997d0dec1e02d3d2140c?s98&dmm&rg 2x classavatar avatar-49 photo height49 width49 loadinglazy decodingasync/>span classscreen-reader-text>Author /span> a classurl fn n hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/author/webmaster/>Derek Fincham/a>/span>/span>span classposted-on>span classscreen-reader-text>Posted on /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/university-of-aberdeen-will-repatriate-a-benin-bronze-to-nigeria/ relbookmark>time classentry-date published updated datetime2021-03-26T12:49:20-07:00>March 26, 2021/time>/a>/span>span classcat-links>span classscreen-reader-text>Categories /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/category/museums/ relcategory tag>Museums/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/category/repatriation/ relcategory tag>Repatriation/a>/span>span classtags-links>span classscreen-reader-text>Tags /span>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/benin-bronzes/ reltag>Benin bronzes/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/cultural-justice/ reltag>cultural justice/a>, a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/tag/repatriation/ reltag>Repatriation/a>/span>span classcomments-link>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/university-of-aberdeen-will-repatriate-a-benin-bronze-to-nigeria/#respond>Leave a commentspan classscreen-reader-text> on University of Aberdeen will repatriate a Benin bronze to Nigeria/span>/a>/span> /footer>!-- .entry-footer -->/article>!-- #post-12059 --> nav classnavigation pagination aria-labelPosts> h2 classscreen-reader-text>Posts navigation/h2> div classnav-links>span aria-currentpage classpage-numbers current>span classmeta-nav screen-reader-text>Page /span>1/span>a classpage-numbers hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/page/2/>span classmeta-nav screen-reader-text>Page /span>2/a>span classpage-numbers dots>…/span>a classpage-numbers hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/page/152/>span classmeta-nav screen-reader-text>Page /span>152/a>a classnext page-numbers hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/page/2/>Next page/a>/div> /nav> /main>!-- .site-main --> /div>!-- .content-area --> aside idsecondary classsidebar widget-area> section idmedia_image-3 classwidget widget_media_image>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com>img width746 height618 srchttps://i0.wp.com/illicitculturalproperty.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/illicit.vert8813.png?fit746%2C618 classimage wp-image-10469 aligncenter attachment-full size-full alt stylemax-width: 100%; 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I work to provide regular updates on thefts, antiquities looting, scholarship involving these disputes, and legal developments in the field./p>/div> /section>section idpages-3 classwidget widget_pages>h2 classwidget-title>Pages/h2>nav aria-labelPages> ul> li classpage_item page-item-1208>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/about/>About/a>/li>li classpage_item page-item-1232>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/archives/>Archives/a>/li>li classpage_item page-item-1225>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/bibliography/>Bibliography/a>/li>li classpage_item page-item-1211>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/contact/>Contact/a>/li>li classpage_item page-item-1298>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/publicizing-your-work/>Publicizing your work/a>/li> /ul> /nav>/section>section idtop-posts-3 classwidget widget_top-posts>h2 classwidget-title>Some Highlights/h2>ul>li>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/dallas-museum-of-art-announces-6-repatriations/ classbump-view data-bump-viewtp>Dallas Museum of Art Announces 6 Repatriations/a>/li>li>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/smash-and-smash-at-the-dallas-museum-of-art/ classbump-view data-bump-viewtp>Smash and Smash at the Dallas Museum of Art/a>/li>li>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/the-immunity-from-seizure-act-and-the-proposed-clarification-in-the-senate/ classbump-view data-bump-viewtp>The Immunity from Seizure Act and the proposed clarification in the Senate/a>/li>li>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/seminar-paper-william-m-v-kingsland-and-the-importance-of-provenance/ classbump-view data-bump-viewtp>Seminar Paper: William M. V. Kingsland and the Importance of Provenance/a>/li>li>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/getty-set-to-return-gold-funerary-wreath-updated/ classbump-view data-bump-viewtp>Getty Set to Return Gold Funerary Wreath? (UPDATED)/a>/li>li>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/19-arrested-in-connection-with-jade-thefts/ classbump-view data-bump-viewtp>19 Arrested in Connection with Jade Thefts/a>/li>li>a hrefhttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/james-turrell-should-write-a-legal-brief/ classbump-view data-bump-viewtp>"James Turrell should write a legal brief"/a>/li>/ul>/section>section idfacebook-likebox-3 classwidget widget_facebook_likebox>h2 classwidget-title>a hrefhttps://www.facebook.com/IllicitCulturalProperty>Follow on facebook/a>/h2> div idfb-root>/div> div classfb-page data-hrefhttps://www.facebook.com/IllicitCulturalProperty data-width340 data-height432 data-hide-coverfalse data-show-facepiletrue data-tabsfalse data-hide-ctafalse data-small-headerfalse> div classfb-xfbml-parse-ignore>blockquote citehttps://www.facebook.com/IllicitCulturalProperty>a hrefhttps://www.facebook.com/IllicitCulturalProperty>Follow on facebook/a>/blockquote>/div> /div> /section>section idtag_cloud-6 classwidget 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valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2016/07/> July 2016 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2016/05/> May 2016 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2016/04/> April 2016 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2016/03/> March 2016 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2016/02/> February 2016 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2016/01/> January 2016 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2015/12/> December 2015 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2015/11/> November 2015 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2015/10/> October 2015 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2015/09/> September 2015 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2015/08/> August 2015 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2015/07/> July 2015 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2015/06/> June 2015 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2015/05/> May 2015 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2015/04/> April 2015 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2015/03/> March 2015 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2015/02/> February 2015 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2015/01/> January 2015 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2014/12/> December 2014 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2014/11/> November 2014 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2014/10/> October 2014 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2014/09/> September 2014 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2014/08/> August 2014 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2014/07/> July 2014 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2014/06/> June 2014 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2014/05/> May 2014 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2014/04/> April 2014 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2014/03/> March 2014 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2014/02/> February 2014 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2014/01/> January 2014 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2013/12/> December 2013 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2013/11/> November 2013 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2013/10/> October 2013 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2013/09/> September 2013 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2013/08/> August 2013 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2013/06/> June 2013 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2013/05/> May 2013 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2013/04/> April 2013 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2013/03/> March 2013 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2013/02/> February 2013 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2013/01/> January 2013 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2012/12/> December 2012 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2012/11/> November 2012 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2012/10/> October 2012 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2012/09/> September 2012 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2012/08/> August 2012 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2012/07/> July 2012 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2012/06/> June 2012 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2012/05/> May 2012 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2012/04/> April 2012 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2012/03/> March 2012 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2012/02/> February 2012 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2012/01/> January 2012 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2011/12/> December 2011 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2011/11/> November 2011 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2011/10/> October 2011 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2011/09/> September 2011 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2011/08/> August 2011 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2011/07/> July 2011 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2011/06/> June 2011 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2011/05/> May 2011 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2011/04/> April 2011 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2011/03/> March 2011 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2011/02/> February 2011 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2011/01/> January 2011 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2010/12/> December 2010 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2010/11/> November 2010 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2010/10/> October 2010 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2010/09/> September 2010 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2010/08/> August 2010 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2010/07/> July 2010 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2010/06/> June 2010 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2010/05/> May 2010 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2010/04/> April 2010 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2010/03/> March 2010 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2010/02/> February 2010 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2010/01/> January 2010 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2009/12/> December 2009 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2009/11/> November 2009 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2009/10/> October 2009 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2009/09/> September 2009 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2009/08/> August 2009 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2009/07/> July 2009 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2009/06/> June 2009 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2009/05/> May 2009 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2009/04/> April 2009 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2009/03/> March 2009 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2009/02/> February 2009 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2009/01/> January 2009 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2008/12/> December 2008 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2008/11/> November 2008 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2008/10/> October 2008 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2008/09/> September 2008 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2008/08/> August 2008 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2008/07/> July 2008 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2008/06/> June 2008 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2008/05/> May 2008 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2008/04/> April 2008 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2008/03/> March 2008 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2008/02/> February 2008 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2008/01/> January 2008 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2007/12/> December 2007 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2007/11/> November 2007 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2007/10/> October 2007 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2007/09/> September 2007 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2007/08/> August 2007 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2007/07/> July 2007 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2007/06/> June 2007 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2007/05/> May 2007 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2007/04/> April 2007 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2007/03/> March 2007 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2007/02/> February 2007 /option> option valuehttp://illicitculturalproperty.com/2007/01/> January 2007 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