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2014-06-18
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HTTP/1.1 200 OKDate: Sun, 27 Oct 2024 21:34:05 GMTServer: ApacheLast-Modified: Wed, 11 May 2022 21:56:42 GMTVary: Accept-EncodingContent-Type: text/htmlX-Onecom-Cluster-Name: X-Varnish: 283944232Age: 0Via: 1.1 webcache1 (Varnish/trunk)ETag: W/14d0e-5dec38443b801-gzipAccept-Ranges: bytesConnection: keep-aliveTransfer-Encoding: chunked !DOCTYPE html>!-- HTML5 -->html prefixog: http://ogp.me/ns# langen-GB dirltr> head> title>Cliffe History/title> meta charsetutf-8 /> !--if IE>meta http-equivImageToolbar contentFalse />!endif--> meta nameauthor contentDave Green /> meta namegenerator contentIncomedia WebSite X5 Evo 2021.5.3 - www.websitex5.com /> meta namedescription content1st November 2020 - The ever expanding history of Cliffe, Kent by Cliffe historians. /> meta namekeywords contentCliffe history,history of Cliffe, Cloveshoo, Cliffe, Cliffehistory,St Helen, St Helen's, archaeology, local historical society, Cliffe History Project, Cliffe History Society /> meta propertyog:image 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document.getElementsByTagName(script)0; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s); })();/script> script>(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){iGoogleAnalyticsObjectr;irir||function(){(ir.qir.q||).push(arguments)},ir.l1*new Date();as.createElement(o),ms.getElementsByTagName(o)0;a.async1;a.srcg;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)})(window,document,script,//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js,ga);ga(create, UA-29681146-1,auto);ga(send, pageview);/script> /head> body> div idimPageExtContainer> div idimPageIntContainer> div idimHeaderBg>/div> div idimFooterBg>/div> div idimPage> header idimHeader> h1 classimHidden>Cliffe History/h1> div idimHeaderObjects>div idimHeader_imObjectSearch_02_wrapper classtemplate-object-wrapper>div idimHeader_imObjectSearch_02>form idimHeader_imObjectSearch_02_form actionimsearch.php methodget>fieldset>input typetext idimHeader_imObjectSearch_02_field namesearch value />button idimHeader_imObjectSearch_02_button>Search/button>/fieldset>/form>script>$(#imHeader_imObjectSearch_02_button).click(function() { $(this).prop(disabled, true); setTimeout(function(){ $(#imHeader_imObjectSearch_02_button).prop(disabled, false);}, 900); $(#imHeader_imObjectSearch_02_form).submit(); return false; });/script>/div>/div>div idimHeader_imMenuObject_03_wrapper classtemplate-object-wrapper>!-- UNSEARCHABLE -->div idimHeader_imMenuObject_03>div idimHeader_imMenuObject_03_container>div classhamburger-button hamburger-component>div>div>div classhamburger-bar>/div>div classhamburger-bar>/div>div classhamburger-bar>/div>/div>/div>/div>div classhamburger-menu-background-container hamburger-component> div classhamburger-menu-background menu-mobile menu-mobile-animated hidden> div classhamburger-menu-close-button>span>×/span>/div> /div>/div>ul classmenu-mobile-animated hidden> li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/index.html,/>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefindex.html>Home /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>St.Helen's Church/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-bottom classopen-bottom style > li classimMnMnFirst imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Kent Archaeological Reports ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/church_1857.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefchurch_1857.html>The Church of St. Helen's (1857) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/st_helens.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefst_helens.html>The Church of St. Helen's (1876) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/martin.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmartin.html>The Church of St. Helen's (1929) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/rector_list.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefrector_list.html>List of Rectors /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/rectors_of_cliffe.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefrectors_of_cliffe.html>Rectors of Cliffe /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/sacristy.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefsacristy.html>Sacristy Excavations /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/mural.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmural.html>The Mural Paintings /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/church1.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefchurch1.html>Walkround Guide /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/bells.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefbells.html>The Bells of St. Helen's /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Pen Portraits ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/the-pulpit.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-pulpit.html>The Pulpit /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-north-transept-or--lady-chapel-.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-north-transept-or--lady-chapel-.html>The North Transept or ‘Lady Chapel’ /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/baptistry.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefbaptistry.html>Baptistry /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/easter-sepulchre.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefeaster-sepulchre.html>Easter Sepulchre /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-sedilia.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-sedilia.html>The Sedilia /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-tower.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-tower.html>The Tower /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-clock-tower.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-clock-tower.html>The Clock Tower /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-porch.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-porch.html>The Porch /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-organ.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-organ.html>The Organ /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-porch-room.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-porch-room.html>The Porch Room /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/north-transept-wall-paintings.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefnorth-transept-wall-paintings.html>North Transept Wall Paintings /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/south-transept.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefsouth-transept.html>South Transept /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-choir-stalls.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-choir-stalls.html>The Choir Stalls /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-chancel-and-sanctuary.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-chancel-and-sanctuary.html>The Chancel and Sanctuary /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-chancel-windows.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-chancel-windows.html>The Chancel Windows /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths|/tombs,-memorials-and-burials.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hreftombs,-memorials-and-burials.html>Tombs, Memorials and Burials /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-north-aisle.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-north-aisle.html>The North Aisle /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-bells.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-bells.html>The Bells /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/the-church-plate-of-st.-helen-s.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-church-plate-of-st.-helen-s.html>The Church Plate of St. Helen’s /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>History/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-bottom classopen-bottom style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/timeline.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hreftimeline.html>Timeline /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-ague-or-english-malaria.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-ague-or-english-malaria.html>The Ague or English Malaria /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/broomhey.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefbroomhey.html>Broomhey Farm Excavations /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Cliffe History by Cliffe & Cooling W.I. --->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/wi_introduction.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_introduction.html>Introduction /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_cliffe.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_cliffe.html>Cliffe /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_places_of_worship.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_places_of_worship.html>Places of Worship /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_buttway.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_buttway.html>Buttway /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_other_places_of_interest.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_other_places_of_interest.html>Other Places of Interest /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_farm.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_farm.html>Farm & Factory /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_schools.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_schools.html>Schools /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_council.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_council.html>Parish Council /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_fire.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_fire.html>The Fire Brigade /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_travel.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_travel.html>Methods of Travel /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_leisure.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_leisure.html>Leisure in Cliffe & Cooling /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_war.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_war.html>The Years of War /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_wi.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_wi.html>Women's Institute /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_fragments.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_fragments.html>Fragments of Fact /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_cooling.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_cooling.html>Cooling /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/wi-end.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi-end.html>Acknowledgements /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Cliffe Manors ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/manorial-background.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanorial-background.html>Manorial Background /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/property-and-land-ownership.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefproperty-and-land-ownership.html>Property and Land Ownership /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-berrycourt.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-berrycourt.html>Manor of Berrycourt /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-cardon-s.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-cardon-s.html>Manor of Cardon's /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-mallingden--molland-and-dean-fee-.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-mallingden--molland-and-dean-fee-.html>Manor of Mallingden (Molland and Dean-Fee) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/mortimer-s-manor.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmortimer-s-manor.html>Mortimer's Manor /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-parson-s-borough.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-parson-s-borough.html>Manor of Parson's Borough /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-prior-s-hall.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-prior-s-hall.html>Manor of Prior's Hall /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-westcliffe--cliffe.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-westcliffe--cliffe.html>Manor of Westcliffe/ Cliffe /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/crossing-the-thames.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcrossing-the-thames.html>Crossing the Thames /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/domesday_book.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefdomesday_book.html>Domesday Book /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/fishing.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hreffishing.html>Fishing in Medieval Times /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/listed-buildings.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hreflisted-buildings.html>Listed Buildings /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/marine-flooding-and-storm-events.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmarine-flooding-and-storm-events.html>Marine Flooding and Storm Events /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Published Articles ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/parish-magazine-articles.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefparish-magazine-articles.html>Parish Magazine Articles /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/unknown_kent.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefunknown_kent.html>Unknown Kent: Donald Maxwell (1877) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/jottings_of_kent.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefjottings_of_kent.html>Jottings of Kent: William Miller (1864) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/rivers_of_gb.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefrivers_of_gb.html>Rivers of Great Britain (1891) /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnLast imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Saxon ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/saxon_invasion.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefsaxon_invasion.html>Anglo-Saxon Invasion of Britain /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/saxon_kent.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefsaxon_kent.html>Saxon Kent /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/saxon_kings.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefsaxon_kings.html>Saxon Kings /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/migration_period.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmigration_period.html>Migration Period /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/conversion_period.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefconversion_period.html>Conversion Period /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/saxon_cliffe.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefsaxon_cliffe.html>Saxon Cliffe /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/early_church.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefearly_church.html>Early Church /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Places/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-bottom classopen-bottom style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/the-old-rectory.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-old-rectory.html>The Old Rectory /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/pubs.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefpubs.html>Cliffe Pubs /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/mills.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmills.html>Mills /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/railway.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefrailway.html>Hundred of Hoo Railway /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/cement.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcement.html>Cement Works /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/crossing.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcrossing.html>The Thames Crossing /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Nearby Villages ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/frindsbury.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hreffrindsbury.html>Frindsbury /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Hoo ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/hoo.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefhoo.html>Hoo /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/hoo_church.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefhoo_church.html>St. Werburgh Church /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/st_mary.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefst_mary.html>St. Mary Hoo /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/isle_of_grain.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefisle_of_grain.html>Isle of Grain /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/high_halstow.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefhigh_halstow.html>High Halstow /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/allhallows.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefallhallows.html>Allhallows /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/stoke.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefstoke.html>Stoke /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Cooling ---->/span>/div>/div>ul 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data-link-paths,/edward_hasted.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefedward_hasted.html>Edward Hasted /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/hutchings.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefhutchings.html>Bob Hutchings /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/george_payne.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefgeorge_payne.html>George Payne /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/henry-pye.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefhenry-pye.html>Henry Pye /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wjthorndike.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwjthorndike.html>John William Thorndike /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/roland_thorndike.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a 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classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Kent Archaeological Reports ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/church_1857.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefchurch_1857.html>The Church of St. Helen's (1857) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/st_helens.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefst_helens.html>The Church of St. Helen's (1876) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/martin.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmartin.html>The Church of St. Helen's (1929) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/rector_list.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefrector_list.html>List of Rectors /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage 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---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/the-pulpit.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-pulpit.html>The Pulpit /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-north-transept-or--lady-chapel-.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-north-transept-or--lady-chapel-.html>The North Transept or ‘Lady Chapel’ /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/baptistry.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefbaptistry.html>Baptistry /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/easter-sepulchre.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefeaster-sepulchre.html>Easter Sepulchre /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-sedilia.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-sedilia.html>The Sedilia /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-tower.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-tower.html>The Tower /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-clock-tower.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-clock-tower.html>The Clock Tower /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-porch.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-porch.html>The Porch /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-organ.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-organ.html>The Organ /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-porch-room.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-porch-room.html>The Porch Room /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/north-transept-wall-paintings.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefnorth-transept-wall-paintings.html>North Transept Wall Paintings /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/south-transept.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefsouth-transept.html>South Transept /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-choir-stalls.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-choir-stalls.html>The Choir Stalls /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-chancel-and-sanctuary.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-chancel-and-sanctuary.html>The Chancel and Sanctuary /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-chancel-windows.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-chancel-windows.html>The Chancel Windows /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths|/tombs,-memorials-and-burials.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hreftombs,-memorials-and-burials.html>Tombs, Memorials and Burials /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-north-aisle.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-north-aisle.html>The North Aisle /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-bells.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-bells.html>The Bells /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/the-church-plate-of-st.-helen-s.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-church-plate-of-st.-helen-s.html>The Church Plate of St. Helen’s /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>History/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-bottom classopen-bottom style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/timeline.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hreftimeline.html>Timeline /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-ague-or-english-malaria.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-ague-or-english-malaria.html>The Ague or English Malaria /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/broomhey.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefbroomhey.html>Broomhey Farm Excavations /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Cliffe History by Cliffe & Cooling W.I. --->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/wi_introduction.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_introduction.html>Introduction /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_cliffe.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_cliffe.html>Cliffe /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_places_of_worship.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_places_of_worship.html>Places of Worship /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_buttway.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_buttway.html>Buttway /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_other_places_of_interest.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_other_places_of_interest.html>Other Places of Interest /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_farm.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_farm.html>Farm & Factory /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_schools.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_schools.html>Schools /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_council.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_council.html>Parish Council /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_fire.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_fire.html>The Fire Brigade /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_travel.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_travel.html>Methods of Travel /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_leisure.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_leisure.html>Leisure in Cliffe & Cooling /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_war.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_war.html>The Years of War /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_wi.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_wi.html>Women's Institute /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_fragments.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_fragments.html>Fragments of Fact /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_cooling.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_cooling.html>Cooling /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/wi-end.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi-end.html>Acknowledgements /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Cliffe Manors ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/manorial-background.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanorial-background.html>Manorial Background /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/property-and-land-ownership.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefproperty-and-land-ownership.html>Property and Land Ownership /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-berrycourt.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-berrycourt.html>Manor of Berrycourt /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-cardon-s.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-cardon-s.html>Manor of Cardon's /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-mallingden--molland-and-dean-fee-.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-mallingden--molland-and-dean-fee-.html>Manor of Mallingden (Molland and Dean-Fee) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/mortimer-s-manor.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmortimer-s-manor.html>Mortimer's Manor /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-parson-s-borough.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-parson-s-borough.html>Manor of Parson's Borough /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-prior-s-hall.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-prior-s-hall.html>Manor of Prior's Hall /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-westcliffe--cliffe.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-westcliffe--cliffe.html>Manor of Westcliffe/ Cliffe /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/crossing-the-thames.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcrossing-the-thames.html>Crossing the Thames /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/domesday_book.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefdomesday_book.html>Domesday Book /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/fishing.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hreffishing.html>Fishing in Medieval Times /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/listed-buildings.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hreflisted-buildings.html>Listed Buildings /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/marine-flooding-and-storm-events.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmarine-flooding-and-storm-events.html>Marine Flooding and Storm Events /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Published Articles ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/parish-magazine-articles.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefparish-magazine-articles.html>Parish Magazine Articles /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/unknown_kent.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefunknown_kent.html>Unknown Kent: Donald Maxwell (1877) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/jottings_of_kent.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefjottings_of_kent.html>Jottings of Kent: William Miller (1864) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/rivers_of_gb.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefrivers_of_gb.html>Rivers of Great Britain (1891) /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnLast imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Saxon ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/saxon_invasion.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefsaxon_invasion.html>Anglo-Saxon Invasion of Britain /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/saxon_kent.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefsaxon_kent.html>Saxon Kent /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/saxon_kings.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefsaxon_kings.html>Saxon Kings /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/migration_period.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmigration_period.html>Migration Period /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/conversion_period.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefconversion_period.html>Conversion Period /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/saxon_cliffe.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefsaxon_cliffe.html>Saxon Cliffe /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/early_church.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefearly_church.html>Early Church /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Places/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-bottom classopen-bottom style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/the-old-rectory.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-old-rectory.html>The Old Rectory /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/pubs.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefpubs.html>Cliffe Pubs /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/mills.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmills.html>Mills /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/railway.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefrailway.html>Hundred of Hoo Railway /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/cement.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcement.html>Cement Works /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/crossing.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcrossing.html>The Thames Crossing /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Nearby Villages ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/frindsbury.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hreffrindsbury.html>Frindsbury /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Hoo ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/hoo.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefhoo.html>Hoo /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/hoo_church.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefhoo_church.html>St. Werburgh Church /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/st_mary.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefst_mary.html>St. Mary Hoo /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/isle_of_grain.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefisle_of_grain.html>Isle of Grain /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/high_halstow.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefhigh_halstow.html>High Halstow /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/allhallows.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefallhallows.html>Allhallows /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/stoke.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefstoke.html>Stoke /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Cooling ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/cooling.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcooling.html>Cooling /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/cooling_castle.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcooling_castle.html>Cooling Castle /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>/ul>/li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>People/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-bottom classopen-bottom style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/ted_crane.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefted_crane.html>Ted Crane /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/vitale.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefvitale.html>Vitale Domenico de Michele /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/edward_hasted.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefedward_hasted.html>Edward Hasted /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/hutchings.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefhutchings.html>Bob Hutchings /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/george_payne.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefgeorge_payne.html>George Payne /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/henry-pye.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefhenry-pye.html>Henry Pye /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wjthorndike.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwjthorndike.html>John William Thorndike /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/roland_thorndike.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefroland_thorndike.html>Roland Thorndike M.M. /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Military Matters/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-bottom classopen-bottom style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/cliffe_fort.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcliffe_fort.html>Cliffe Fort /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/lower_hope_battery.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hreflower_hope_battery.html>Lower Hope Battery /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the_explosives_works.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe_explosives_works.html>The Explosives Works /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>WWI ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/cliffe_in_wwi.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcliffe_in_wwi.html>Cliffe in WWI /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the_fallen.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe_fallen.html>The Fallen /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/roll_of_honour.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefroll_of_honour.html>Roll of Honour /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/stirling_bomber_crash.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefstirling_bomber_crash.html>Stirling Bomber Crash 1942 /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/swallow_disaster.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefswallow_disaster.html>De Havilland Swallow Disaster /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/cooling-castle.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcooling-castle.html>Cooling Castle /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnLast imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Photographs/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-bottom classopen-bottom style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/photos-of-cliffe.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefphotos-of-cliffe.html>Photos of Cliffe /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/magical-marshes.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmagical-marshes.html>Magical Marshes /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>/ul>/div>/div>!-- UNSEARCHABLE END -->script>var imStickyBar_imMenuObject_01_settings { menuId: imStickyBar_imMenuObject_01, responsiveMenuEffect: slide, animationDuration: 1000,}x5engine.boot.push(function(){x5engine.initMenu(imStickyBar_imMenuObject_01_settings)});$(function () {$(#imStickyBar_imMenuObject_01_container ul li).not(.imMnMnSeparator).each(function () { var $this $(this), timeout 0; $this.on(mouseenter, function () { 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true;loadimObjectGallery_36();x5engine.utils.onElementResize(document.getElementById(imObjectGallery_36).parentNode, function (rect, target) {if (imObjectGallery_36_width rect.width) {return;}imObjectGallery_36_width rect.width;if (!!imObjectGallery_36_resizeTo) {clearTimeout(imObjectGallery_36_resizeTo);}imObjectGallery_36_resizeTo setTimeout(function() {if(!isFirstTime) {loadimObjectGallery_36();}else {isFirstTime false;}}, 50);});});/script>/div>div idimCell_32 class data-responsive-sequence-number2> div idimCellStyleGraphics_32>/div>div idimCellStyleBorders_32>/div>div idimTextObject_32> div data-index0 classtext-tab-content grid-prop current-tab idimTextObject_32_tab0 styleopacity: 1; > div classtext-inner> div classimHeading1>The Ancient Parish of Cliffe/div>div classimTAJustify>br>/div>div classimTAJustify>div>span classfs14lh1-5>The ancient parish of Cliffe is one of the largest parishes in Kent and now contains two villages: the ancient village of Cliffe and the more recent village of Cliffe Woods. Its northern boundary is that of the River Thames and to most casual visitors it appears to be a sleepy, ‘out-of-the-way’, small rural settlement of little importance./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>However, the historical importance of Cliffe and Cliffe Woods is evident by it having the greatest number of inclusions in Kent’s ‘Historic Environment Records’ (HER): second only to Cranbrook./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>As well as having a designated Conservation Area the Parish also contains: two Scheduled Monuments (Cliffe Fort & Curtis & Harvey Explosives Works), a Grade I listed building (St. Helen’s Church), a Grade II* listed building (the Old Rectory) and twenty-three Grade II listed buildings/monuments./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>Cliffe is believed to be one of, if not the oldest settlement on the Hoo Peninsula, with evidence of settlements from the Mesolithic period continuing to the present day. Archaeological evidence verifies the importance of the area especially during both the Romano-British and the better documented Anglo-Saxon periods./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>Today it lies in a largely undisturbed geographical landscape which contains important archaeological evidence. The reason for this lack of disturbance being due to the decline of the areas importance due to the waves of plagues from 1348 onwards, malaria, silting of the port and the disposal of the church lands and properties post the reformation./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>However, the parish of Cliffe has a hidden history with one of the earliest writings on the history of Cliffe by William Lambarde, (A Perambulation of Kent, 1576) where he mentions that ‘Cliffe is a large town of great importance’ and this is repeated by Richard Kilburn in 1659. Up until the 10th century a ford made crossing the River Thames to Essex possible and, after sea levels rose, a ferry system replaced it. However, with rising sea levels and numerous storm surges, the low laying lands near the Thames became unusable and the process of land reclamation was put into operation. By 1779 Edward Hasted, in his work ‘The History and Topographical History of the County of Kent’ Cliffe was recorded as “once being a larger town than it is now” and continued to describe Cliffe as span classcf1>‘i>daily growing into further ruin and poverty, the number of the inhabitants lessening yearly, and several of the houses, for want of them, lying in ruins’./i>/span>/span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>The 13th Century Parish Church of St. Helen’s (Grade I listed) is one of the largest parish churches in Kent and was a s/span>span classfs14lh1-5>ite of Christian worship since at least AD 774 when King Offa of Mercia granted land for the building of a church./span>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>span classfs14lh1-5>span>br>/span>/span>/div>div> /div>div> /div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>The great importance of Cliffe and its church can be seen by the Rectors of the church producing six Archbishops, eighteen Archdeacons, seven Bishops, four Deans, six Chancellors (four of which being either King’s or Lord’s) and twenty-six Canons. The living at Cliffe was described, in the 17th century, as ‘one of the prizes of the church’./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>The Old Rectory, itself a Grade II* listed building, and is amongspan classcf2> /span>the earliest examples of a stone built building in Kent. It is situated to the south of the village and dates from the early 14th century./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>At the northern border of Cliffe Parish, where it meets the River Thames, stands Cliffe Fort (a Scheduled Monument). Cliffe Fort, built in the middle 19th Century, is one of 5 surviving Royal Commission Coastal Forts in the Thames and Medway and the building the planning of the construction of the fort was overseen by General Gordon./span>/div>div> span classfs14lh1-5> /span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>To the northwest of the village of Cliffe, on the south bank of the Thames, is situated the extensive workings of the Curtis & Harvey Explosives Works which operated between 1892 – 1921 for the manufacture of nitro-glycerine, nitro-glycerine based products, cordite, blasting gelatine, the chlorate based explosive ‘Cheddite’ and gelatine dynamite./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>Sited between the Thames and the village of Cliffe are the remains of four cement works: The Pottery (1854-1886), Nine Elms (1867-1900), Cliffe Quarry (1874-1921) and Alpha Cement Works (1912-1970)./span>/div>div> span classfs14lh1-5> /span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>As well as Cliffe Fort number of military remains can also be found particularly: Lower Hope Battery, in use from the 1890’s – WWII, extensive features of a form of a WWII anti-invasion defence known as the GHQ Stop line and aspects of a WWII Decoy airfield./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>By the mid 1800’s the population of Cliffe had fallen to just a few hundred until the building of the cement factories and the later explosives works brought the population of Cliffe back to over 2,500 by 1880’s./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>In the late 19th century Cliffe consisted of long rows of houses along Church Street, Reed Street and West Street. The primary economy in the area was agriculture; with an 1840 survey identifying windmills, oast houses and malt houses. From 1851 the economy diversified with the establishment of the cement works and the development of the Curtis’s and Harvey explosives works at Cliffe, leading to the local population trebling from 877 to 2,595 people between 1851 and 1891. This influx of employment created a great demand for workers’ housing, in-turn leading to the construction of a range of terraces which shaped a large part of the village with its distinctive use of local yellow stock brick construction throughout the village./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>In comparison the newer village of Cliffe Woods began as ‘plot land’ development and was grandly called ‘Rochester Park Estate and Garden Suburb’. It emerged piecemeal from Mortimers Wood and Lady’s Close when a private speculator parcelled land and sold plots of land from mid 1914. /span>span classfs14lh1-5>It consisted of small sites of self-built bungalows and chalets. It had only tracks, rather than roads, and very few facilities: minimal water, electric and non-mains sewerage. /span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>Development stalled until after the First World War and the initial layout was in place by the 1930s. It was ribbon-developed along the B2000./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>In the early 1970s most of the land was acquired by Strood Rural District Council, the local council, and was further developed into what we see today./span>/div>div> span classfs14lh1-5> /span>/div>div>div> /div>div>/div>/div>div>/div>/div>div classimTAJustify>div>/div>/div> /div> /div> /div> /div>div idimCell_40 class data-responsive-sequence-number3> div idimCellStyleGraphics_40>/div>div idimCellStyleBorders_40>/div>div idimTextObject_40> div data-index0 classtext-tab-content grid-prop current-tab idimTextObject_40_tab0 styleopacity: 1; > div classtext-inner> div classimTACenter>b classfs18lh1-5 cf1>Thanks./b>/div>div classimTACenter>b classfs18lh1-5 cf1>br>/b>/div>div classimTAJustify>span classimTALeft fs12lh1-5>Many thanks to the many individuals from Cliffe and Cliffe Woods, and the surrounding area, who have helped with putting this site together. Special thanks goes to Emma Thompson and Richard Penny of Southampton University for their help with research and especially to Peter Tann, of Kent Archaeological Society, who kindly approached the KAS Publications Committee for permission to reproduce their work./span>br>/div>div classimTAJustify>br>/div> /div> /div> /div> /div>div idimCell_42 class data-responsive-sequence-number4> div idimCellStyleGraphics_42>/div>div idimCellStyleBorders_42>/div>div idimHTMLObject_42 classimHTMLObject styletext-align: center; height: 350px; width: 100%; overflow: auto;>!-- start feedwind code -->script typetext/javascript>document.write(\x3Cscript typetext/javascript src + (https: document.location.protocol ? https:// : http://) + feed.mikle.com/js/rssmikle.js>\x3C/script>);/script>script typetext/javascript>(function() {var params {rssmikle_url: http://blog.britishmuseum.org/feed,rssmikle_frame_width: 250,rssmikle_frame_height: 300,frame_height_by_article: 1,rssmikle_target: _blank,rssmikle_font: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif,rssmikle_font_size: 12,rssmikle_border: off,responsive: off,rssmikle_css_url: ,text_align: left,text_align2: left,corner: on,scrollbar: off,autoscroll: on_mc,scrolldirection: up,scrollstep: 4,mcspeed: 30,sort: New,rssmikle_title: on,rssmikle_title_sentence: British Museum,rssmikle_title_link: ,rssmikle_title_bgcolor: #E0C19D,rssmikle_title_color: #0A0A01,rssmikle_title_bgimage: ,rssmikle_item_bgcolor: #EBE1D1,rssmikle_item_bgimage: ,rssmikle_item_title_length: 55,rssmikle_item_title_color: #455FE0,rssmikle_item_border_bottom: on,rssmikle_item_description: on,item_link: on,rssmikle_item_description_length: 150,rssmikle_item_description_color: #666666,rssmikle_item_date: gl1,rssmikle_timezone: Etc/GMT,datetime_format: %b %e, %Y %l:%M:%S %p,item_description_style: text+tn,item_thumbnail: full,article_num: 15,rssmikle_item_podcast: off,keyword_inc: ,keyword_exc: };feedwind_show_widget_iframe(params);})();/script>div stylefont-size:10px; 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a classlabel hrefindex.html>Home /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>St.Helen's Church/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-bottom classopen-bottom style > li classimMnMnFirst imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Kent Archaeological Reports ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/church_1857.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefchurch_1857.html>The Church of St. Helen's (1857) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/st_helens.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefst_helens.html>The Church of St. Helen's (1876) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/martin.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmartin.html>The Church of St. Helen's (1929) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/rector_list.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefrector_list.html>List of Rectors /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/rectors_of_cliffe.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefrectors_of_cliffe.html>Rectors of Cliffe /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/sacristy.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefsacristy.html>Sacristy Excavations /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/mural.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmural.html>The Mural Paintings /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/church1.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefchurch1.html>Walkround Guide /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/bells.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefbells.html>The Bells of St. Helen's /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Pen Portraits ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/the-pulpit.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-pulpit.html>The Pulpit /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-north-transept-or--lady-chapel-.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-north-transept-or--lady-chapel-.html>The North Transept or ‘Lady Chapel’ /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/baptistry.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefbaptistry.html>Baptistry /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage 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classlabel hrefthe-organ.html>The Organ /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-porch-room.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-porch-room.html>The Porch Room /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/north-transept-wall-paintings.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefnorth-transept-wall-paintings.html>North Transept Wall Paintings /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/south-transept.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefsouth-transept.html>South Transept /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-choir-stalls.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-choir-stalls.html>The Choir Stalls /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-chancel-and-sanctuary.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-chancel-and-sanctuary.html>The Chancel and Sanctuary /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-chancel-windows.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-chancel-windows.html>The Chancel Windows /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths|/tombs,-memorials-and-burials.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hreftombs,-memorials-and-burials.html>Tombs, Memorials and Burials /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-north-aisle.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-north-aisle.html>The North Aisle /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-bells.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-bells.html>The Bells /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/the-church-plate-of-st.-helen-s.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-church-plate-of-st.-helen-s.html>The Church Plate of St. Helen’s /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>History/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-bottom classopen-bottom style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/timeline.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hreftimeline.html>Timeline /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-ague-or-english-malaria.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-ague-or-english-malaria.html>The Ague or English Malaria /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/broomhey.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefbroomhey.html>Broomhey Farm Excavations /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Cliffe History by Cliffe & Cooling W.I. --->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/wi_introduction.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_introduction.html>Introduction /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_cliffe.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_cliffe.html>Cliffe /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_places_of_worship.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_places_of_worship.html>Places of Worship /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_buttway.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_buttway.html>Buttway /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_other_places_of_interest.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_other_places_of_interest.html>Other Places of Interest /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_farm.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_farm.html>Farm & Factory /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_schools.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_schools.html>Schools /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_council.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_council.html>Parish Council /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_fire.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_fire.html>The Fire Brigade /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_travel.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_travel.html>Methods of Travel /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_leisure.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_leisure.html>Leisure in Cliffe & Cooling /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_war.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_war.html>The Years of War /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_wi.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_wi.html>Women's Institute /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_fragments.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_fragments.html>Fragments of Fact /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_cooling.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_cooling.html>Cooling /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/wi-end.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi-end.html>Acknowledgements /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Cliffe Manors ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/manorial-background.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanorial-background.html>Manorial Background /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/property-and-land-ownership.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefproperty-and-land-ownership.html>Property and Land Ownership /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-berrycourt.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-berrycourt.html>Manor of Berrycourt /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-cardon-s.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-cardon-s.html>Manor of Cardon's /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-mallingden--molland-and-dean-fee-.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-mallingden--molland-and-dean-fee-.html>Manor of Mallingden (Molland and Dean-Fee) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/mortimer-s-manor.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmortimer-s-manor.html>Mortimer's Manor /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-parson-s-borough.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-parson-s-borough.html>Manor of Parson's Borough /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-prior-s-hall.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-prior-s-hall.html>Manor of Prior's Hall /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-westcliffe--cliffe.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-westcliffe--cliffe.html>Manor of Westcliffe/ Cliffe /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/crossing-the-thames.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcrossing-the-thames.html>Crossing the Thames /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/domesday_book.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefdomesday_book.html>Domesday Book /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/fishing.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hreffishing.html>Fishing in Medieval Times /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/listed-buildings.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hreflisted-buildings.html>Listed Buildings /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/marine-flooding-and-storm-events.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmarine-flooding-and-storm-events.html>Marine Flooding and Storm Events /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Published Articles ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/parish-magazine-articles.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefparish-magazine-articles.html>Parish Magazine Articles /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/unknown_kent.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefunknown_kent.html>Unknown Kent: Donald Maxwell (1877) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/jottings_of_kent.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefjottings_of_kent.html>Jottings of Kent: William Miller (1864) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/rivers_of_gb.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefrivers_of_gb.html>Rivers of Great Britain (1891) /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnLast imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Saxon ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/saxon_invasion.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefsaxon_invasion.html>Anglo-Saxon Invasion of Britain /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/saxon_kent.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefsaxon_kent.html>Saxon Kent /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/saxon_kings.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefsaxon_kings.html>Saxon Kings /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/migration_period.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmigration_period.html>Migration Period /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/conversion_period.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefconversion_period.html>Conversion Period /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/saxon_cliffe.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefsaxon_cliffe.html>Saxon Cliffe /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/early_church.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefearly_church.html>Early Church /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Places/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-bottom classopen-bottom style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/the-old-rectory.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-old-rectory.html>The Old Rectory /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/pubs.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefpubs.html>Cliffe Pubs /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/mills.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmills.html>Mills /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/railway.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefrailway.html>Hundred of Hoo Railway /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/cement.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcement.html>Cement Works /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/crossing.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcrossing.html>The Thames Crossing /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Nearby Villages ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/frindsbury.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hreffrindsbury.html>Frindsbury /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Hoo ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/hoo.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefhoo.html>Hoo /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/hoo_church.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefhoo_church.html>St. Werburgh Church /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/st_mary.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefst_mary.html>St. Mary Hoo /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/isle_of_grain.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefisle_of_grain.html>Isle of Grain /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/high_halstow.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefhigh_halstow.html>High Halstow /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/allhallows.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefallhallows.html>Allhallows /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/stoke.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefstoke.html>Stoke /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Cooling ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/cooling.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcooling.html>Cooling /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/cooling_castle.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcooling_castle.html>Cooling Castle /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>/ul>/li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>People/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-bottom classopen-bottom style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/ted_crane.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefted_crane.html>Ted Crane /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/vitale.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefvitale.html>Vitale Domenico de Michele /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/edward_hasted.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefedward_hasted.html>Edward Hasted /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/hutchings.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefhutchings.html>Bob Hutchings /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/george_payne.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefgeorge_payne.html>George Payne /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/henry-pye.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefhenry-pye.html>Henry Pye /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wjthorndike.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwjthorndike.html>John William Thorndike /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/roland_thorndike.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefroland_thorndike.html>Roland Thorndike M.M. /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Military Matters/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-bottom classopen-bottom style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/cliffe_fort.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcliffe_fort.html>Cliffe Fort /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/lower_hope_battery.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hreflower_hope_battery.html>Lower Hope Battery /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the_explosives_works.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe_explosives_works.html>The Explosives Works /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>WWI ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/cliffe_in_wwi.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcliffe_in_wwi.html>Cliffe in WWI /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the_fallen.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe_fallen.html>The Fallen /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/roll_of_honour.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefroll_of_honour.html>Roll of Honour /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/stirling_bomber_crash.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefstirling_bomber_crash.html>Stirling Bomber Crash 1942 /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/swallow_disaster.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefswallow_disaster.html>De Havilland 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classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Kent Archaeological Reports ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/church_1857.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefchurch_1857.html>The Church of St. Helen's (1857) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/st_helens.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefst_helens.html>The Church of St. Helen's (1876) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/martin.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmartin.html>The Church of St. Helen's (1929) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/rector_list.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefrector_list.html>List of Rectors /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage 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---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/the-pulpit.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-pulpit.html>The Pulpit /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-north-transept-or--lady-chapel-.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-north-transept-or--lady-chapel-.html>The North Transept or ‘Lady Chapel’ /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/baptistry.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefbaptistry.html>Baptistry /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/easter-sepulchre.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefeaster-sepulchre.html>Easter Sepulchre /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-sedilia.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-sedilia.html>The Sedilia /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-tower.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-tower.html>The Tower /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-clock-tower.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-clock-tower.html>The Clock Tower /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-porch.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-porch.html>The Porch /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-organ.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-organ.html>The Organ /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-porch-room.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-porch-room.html>The Porch Room /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/north-transept-wall-paintings.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefnorth-transept-wall-paintings.html>North Transept Wall Paintings /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/south-transept.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefsouth-transept.html>South Transept /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-choir-stalls.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-choir-stalls.html>The Choir Stalls /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-chancel-and-sanctuary.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-chancel-and-sanctuary.html>The Chancel and Sanctuary /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-chancel-windows.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-chancel-windows.html>The Chancel Windows /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths|/tombs,-memorials-and-burials.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hreftombs,-memorials-and-burials.html>Tombs, Memorials and Burials /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-north-aisle.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-north-aisle.html>The North Aisle /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-bells.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-bells.html>The Bells /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/the-church-plate-of-st.-helen-s.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-church-plate-of-st.-helen-s.html>The Church Plate of St. Helen’s /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>History/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-bottom classopen-bottom style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/timeline.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hreftimeline.html>Timeline /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the-ague-or-english-malaria.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-ague-or-english-malaria.html>The Ague or English Malaria /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/broomhey.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefbroomhey.html>Broomhey Farm Excavations /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Cliffe History by Cliffe & Cooling W.I. --->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/wi_introduction.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_introduction.html>Introduction /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_cliffe.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_cliffe.html>Cliffe /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_places_of_worship.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_places_of_worship.html>Places of Worship /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_buttway.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_buttway.html>Buttway /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_other_places_of_interest.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_other_places_of_interest.html>Other Places of Interest /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_farm.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_farm.html>Farm & Factory /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_schools.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_schools.html>Schools /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_council.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_council.html>Parish Council /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_fire.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_fire.html>The Fire Brigade /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_travel.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_travel.html>Methods of Travel /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_leisure.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_leisure.html>Leisure in Cliffe & Cooling /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_war.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_war.html>The Years of War /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_wi.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_wi.html>Women's Institute /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_fragments.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_fragments.html>Fragments of Fact /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wi_cooling.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi_cooling.html>Cooling /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/wi-end.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwi-end.html>Acknowledgements /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Cliffe Manors ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/manorial-background.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanorial-background.html>Manorial Background /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/property-and-land-ownership.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefproperty-and-land-ownership.html>Property and Land Ownership /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-berrycourt.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-berrycourt.html>Manor of Berrycourt /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-cardon-s.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-cardon-s.html>Manor of Cardon's /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-mallingden--molland-and-dean-fee-.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-mallingden--molland-and-dean-fee-.html>Manor of Mallingden (Molland and Dean-Fee) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/mortimer-s-manor.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmortimer-s-manor.html>Mortimer's Manor /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-parson-s-borough.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-parson-s-borough.html>Manor of Parson's Borough /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-prior-s-hall.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-prior-s-hall.html>Manor of Prior's Hall /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/manor-of-westcliffe--cliffe.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmanor-of-westcliffe--cliffe.html>Manor of Westcliffe/ Cliffe /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/crossing-the-thames.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcrossing-the-thames.html>Crossing the Thames /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/domesday_book.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefdomesday_book.html>Domesday Book /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/fishing.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hreffishing.html>Fishing in Medieval Times /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/listed-buildings.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hreflisted-buildings.html>Listed Buildings /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/marine-flooding-and-storm-events.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmarine-flooding-and-storm-events.html>Marine Flooding and Storm Events /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Published Articles ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/parish-magazine-articles.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefparish-magazine-articles.html>Parish Magazine Articles /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/unknown_kent.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefunknown_kent.html>Unknown Kent: Donald Maxwell (1877) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/jottings_of_kent.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefjottings_of_kent.html>Jottings of Kent: William Miller (1864) /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/rivers_of_gb.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefrivers_of_gb.html>Rivers of Great Britain (1891) /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnLast imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Saxon ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/saxon_invasion.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefsaxon_invasion.html>Anglo-Saxon Invasion of Britain /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/saxon_kent.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefsaxon_kent.html>Saxon Kent /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/saxon_kings.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefsaxon_kings.html>Saxon Kings /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/migration_period.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmigration_period.html>Migration Period /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/conversion_period.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefconversion_period.html>Conversion Period /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/saxon_cliffe.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefsaxon_cliffe.html>Saxon Cliffe /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/early_church.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefearly_church.html>Early Church /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Places/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-bottom classopen-bottom style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/the-old-rectory.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe-old-rectory.html>The Old Rectory /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/pubs.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefpubs.html>Cliffe Pubs /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/mills.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmills.html>Mills /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/railway.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefrailway.html>Hundred of Hoo Railway /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/cement.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcement.html>Cement Works /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/crossing.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcrossing.html>The Thames Crossing /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Nearby Villages ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/frindsbury.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hreffrindsbury.html>Frindsbury /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Hoo ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/hoo.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefhoo.html>Hoo /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/hoo_church.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefhoo_church.html>St. Werburgh Church /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/st_mary.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefst_mary.html>St. Mary Hoo /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/isle_of_grain.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefisle_of_grain.html>Isle of Grain /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/high_halstow.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefhigh_halstow.html>High Halstow /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/allhallows.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefallhallows.html>Allhallows /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/stoke.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefstoke.html>Stoke /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Cooling ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/cooling.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcooling.html>Cooling /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/cooling_castle.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcooling_castle.html>Cooling Castle /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>/ul>/li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>People/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-bottom classopen-bottom style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/ted_crane.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefted_crane.html>Ted Crane /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/vitale.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefvitale.html>Vitale Domenico de Michele /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/edward_hasted.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefedward_hasted.html>Edward Hasted /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/hutchings.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefhutchings.html>Bob Hutchings /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/george_payne.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefgeorge_payne.html>George Payne /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/henry-pye.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefhenry-pye.html>Henry Pye /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/wjthorndike.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefwjthorndike.html>John William Thorndike /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/roland_thorndike.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefroland_thorndike.html>Roland Thorndike M.M. /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Military Matters/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-bottom classopen-bottom style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/cliffe_fort.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcliffe_fort.html>Cliffe Fort /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/lower_hope_battery.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hreflower_hope_battery.html>Lower Hope Battery /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the_explosives_works.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe_explosives_works.html>The Explosives Works /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>WWI ---->/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-right classopen-right style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/cliffe_in_wwi.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcliffe_in_wwi.html>Cliffe in WWI /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/the_fallen.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefthe_fallen.html>The Fallen /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/roll_of_honour.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefroll_of_honour.html>Roll of Honour /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/stirling_bomber_crash.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefstirling_bomber_crash.html>Stirling Bomber Crash 1942 /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnMiddle imPage data-link-paths,/swallow_disaster.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefswallow_disaster.html>De Havilland Swallow Disaster /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/cooling-castle.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefcooling-castle.html>Cooling Castle /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>li classimMnMnLast imLevel>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper>span classlabel>Photographs/span>/div>/div>ul data-original-positionopen-bottom classopen-bottom style > li classimMnMnFirst imPage data-link-paths,/photos-of-cliffe.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefphotos-of-cliffe.html>Photos of Cliffe /a>/div>/div> /li>li classimMnMnLast imPage data-link-paths,/magical-marshes.html>div classlabel-wrapper>div classlabel-inner-wrapper> a classlabel hrefmagical-marshes.html>Magical Marshes /a>/div>/div> /li>/ul>/li>/ul>/div>/div>!-- UNSEARCHABLE END -->script>var imStickyBar_imMenuObject_01_settings { menuId: imStickyBar_imMenuObject_01, responsiveMenuEffect: slide, animationDuration: 1000,}x5engine.boot.push(function(){x5engine.initMenu(imStickyBar_imMenuObject_01_settings)});$(function () {$(#imStickyBar_imMenuObject_01_container ul li).not(.imMnMnSeparator).each(function () { var $this $(this), timeout 0; $this.on(mouseenter, function () { 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true;loadimObjectGallery_36();x5engine.utils.onElementResize(document.getElementById(imObjectGallery_36).parentNode, function (rect, target) {if (imObjectGallery_36_width rect.width) {return;}imObjectGallery_36_width rect.width;if (!!imObjectGallery_36_resizeTo) {clearTimeout(imObjectGallery_36_resizeTo);}imObjectGallery_36_resizeTo setTimeout(function() {if(!isFirstTime) {loadimObjectGallery_36();}else {isFirstTime false;}}, 50);});});/script>/div>div idimCell_32 class data-responsive-sequence-number2> div idimCellStyleGraphics_32>/div>div idimCellStyleBorders_32>/div>div idimTextObject_32> div data-index0 classtext-tab-content grid-prop current-tab idimTextObject_32_tab0 styleopacity: 1; > div classtext-inner> div classimHeading1>The Ancient Parish of Cliffe/div>div classimTAJustify>br>/div>div classimTAJustify>div>span classfs14lh1-5>The ancient parish of Cliffe is one of the largest parishes in Kent and now contains two villages: the ancient village of Cliffe and the more recent village of Cliffe Woods. Its northern boundary is that of the River Thames and to most casual visitors it appears to be a sleepy, ‘out-of-the-way’, small rural settlement of little importance./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>However, the historical importance of Cliffe and Cliffe Woods is evident by it having the greatest number of inclusions in Kent’s ‘Historic Environment Records’ (HER): second only to Cranbrook./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>As well as having a designated Conservation Area the Parish also contains: two Scheduled Monuments (Cliffe Fort & Curtis & Harvey Explosives Works), a Grade I listed building (St. Helen’s Church), a Grade II* listed building (the Old Rectory) and twenty-three Grade II listed buildings/monuments./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>Cliffe is believed to be one of, if not the oldest settlement on the Hoo Peninsula, with evidence of settlements from the Mesolithic period continuing to the present day. Archaeological evidence verifies the importance of the area especially during both the Romano-British and the better documented Anglo-Saxon periods./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>Today it lies in a largely undisturbed geographical landscape which contains important archaeological evidence. The reason for this lack of disturbance being due to the decline of the areas importance due to the waves of plagues from 1348 onwards, malaria, silting of the port and the disposal of the church lands and properties post the reformation./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>However, the parish of Cliffe has a hidden history with one of the earliest writings on the history of Cliffe by William Lambarde, (A Perambulation of Kent, 1576) where he mentions that ‘Cliffe is a large town of great importance’ and this is repeated by Richard Kilburn in 1659. Up until the 10th century a ford made crossing the River Thames to Essex possible and, after sea levels rose, a ferry system replaced it. However, with rising sea levels and numerous storm surges, the low laying lands near the Thames became unusable and the process of land reclamation was put into operation. By 1779 Edward Hasted, in his work ‘The History and Topographical History of the County of Kent’ Cliffe was recorded as “once being a larger town than it is now” and continued to describe Cliffe as span classcf1>‘i>daily growing into further ruin and poverty, the number of the inhabitants lessening yearly, and several of the houses, for want of them, lying in ruins’./i>/span>/span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>The 13th Century Parish Church of St. Helen’s (Grade I listed) is one of the largest parish churches in Kent and was a s/span>span classfs14lh1-5>ite of Christian worship since at least AD 774 when King Offa of Mercia granted land for the building of a church./span>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>span classfs14lh1-5>span>br>/span>/span>/div>div> /div>div> /div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>The great importance of Cliffe and its church can be seen by the Rectors of the church producing six Archbishops, eighteen Archdeacons, seven Bishops, four Deans, six Chancellors (four of which being either King’s or Lord’s) and twenty-six Canons. The living at Cliffe was described, in the 17th century, as ‘one of the prizes of the church’./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>The Old Rectory, itself a Grade II* listed building, and is amongspan classcf2> /span>the earliest examples of a stone built building in Kent. It is situated to the south of the village and dates from the early 14th century./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>At the northern border of Cliffe Parish, where it meets the River Thames, stands Cliffe Fort (a Scheduled Monument). Cliffe Fort, built in the middle 19th Century, is one of 5 surviving Royal Commission Coastal Forts in the Thames and Medway and the building the planning of the construction of the fort was overseen by General Gordon./span>/div>div> span classfs14lh1-5> /span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>To the northwest of the village of Cliffe, on the south bank of the Thames, is situated the extensive workings of the Curtis & Harvey Explosives Works which operated between 1892 – 1921 for the manufacture of nitro-glycerine, nitro-glycerine based products, cordite, blasting gelatine, the chlorate based explosive ‘Cheddite’ and gelatine dynamite./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>Sited between the Thames and the village of Cliffe are the remains of four cement works: The Pottery (1854-1886), Nine Elms (1867-1900), Cliffe Quarry (1874-1921) and Alpha Cement Works (1912-1970)./span>/div>div> span classfs14lh1-5> /span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>As well as Cliffe Fort number of military remains can also be found particularly: Lower Hope Battery, in use from the 1890’s – WWII, extensive features of a form of a WWII anti-invasion defence known as the GHQ Stop line and aspects of a WWII Decoy airfield./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>By the mid 1800’s the population of Cliffe had fallen to just a few hundred until the building of the cement factories and the later explosives works brought the population of Cliffe back to over 2,500 by 1880’s./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>In the late 19th century Cliffe consisted of long rows of houses along Church Street, Reed Street and West Street. The primary economy in the area was agriculture; with an 1840 survey identifying windmills, oast houses and malt houses. From 1851 the economy diversified with the establishment of the cement works and the development of the Curtis’s and Harvey explosives works at Cliffe, leading to the local population trebling from 877 to 2,595 people between 1851 and 1891. This influx of employment created a great demand for workers’ housing, in-turn leading to the construction of a range of terraces which shaped a large part of the village with its distinctive use of local yellow stock brick construction throughout the village./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>In comparison the newer village of Cliffe Woods began as ‘plot land’ development and was grandly called ‘Rochester Park Estate and Garden Suburb’. It emerged piecemeal from Mortimers Wood and Lady’s Close when a private speculator parcelled land and sold plots of land from mid 1914. /span>span classfs14lh1-5>It consisted of small sites of self-built bungalows and chalets. It had only tracks, rather than roads, and very few facilities: minimal water, electric and non-mains sewerage. /span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>Development stalled until after the First World War and the initial layout was in place by the 1930s. It was ribbon-developed along the B2000./span>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5> /span>br>/div>div>span classfs14lh1-5>In the early 1970s most of the land was acquired by Strood Rural District Council, the local council, and was further developed into what we see today./span>/div>div> span classfs14lh1-5> /span>/div>div>div> /div>div>/div>/div>div>/div>/div>div classimTAJustify>div>/div>/div> /div> /div> /div> /div>div idimCell_40 class data-responsive-sequence-number3> div idimCellStyleGraphics_40>/div>div idimCellStyleBorders_40>/div>div idimTextObject_40> div data-index0 classtext-tab-content grid-prop current-tab idimTextObject_40_tab0 styleopacity: 1; > div classtext-inner> div classimTACenter>b classfs18lh1-5 cf1>Thanks./b>/div>div classimTACenter>b classfs18lh1-5 cf1>br>/b>/div>div classimTAJustify>span classimTALeft fs12lh1-5>Many thanks to the many individuals from Cliffe and Cliffe Woods, and the surrounding area, who have helped with putting this site together. Special thanks goes to Emma Thompson and Richard Penny of Southampton University for their help with research and especially to Peter Tann, of Kent Archaeological Society, who kindly approached the KAS Publications Committee for permission to reproduce their work./span>br>/div>div classimTAJustify>br>/div> /div> /div> /div> /div>div idimCell_42 class data-responsive-sequence-number4> div idimCellStyleGraphics_42>/div>div idimCellStyleBorders_42>/div>div idimHTMLObject_42 classimHTMLObject styletext-align: center; height: 350px; width: 100%; overflow: auto;>!-- start feedwind code -->script typetext/javascript>document.write(\x3Cscript typetext/javascript src + (https: document.location.protocol ? https:// : http://) + feed.mikle.com/js/rssmikle.js>\x3C/script>);/script>script typetext/javascript>(function() {var params {rssmikle_url: http://blog.britishmuseum.org/feed,rssmikle_frame_width: 250,rssmikle_frame_height: 300,frame_height_by_article: 1,rssmikle_target: _blank,rssmikle_font: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif,rssmikle_font_size: 12,rssmikle_border: off,responsive: off,rssmikle_css_url: ,text_align: left,text_align2: left,corner: on,scrollbar: off,autoscroll: on_mc,scrolldirection: up,scrollstep: 4,mcspeed: 30,sort: New,rssmikle_title: on,rssmikle_title_sentence: British Museum,rssmikle_title_link: ,rssmikle_title_bgcolor: #E0C19D,rssmikle_title_color: #0A0A01,rssmikle_title_bgimage: ,rssmikle_item_bgcolor: #EBE1D1,rssmikle_item_bgimage: ,rssmikle_item_title_length: 55,rssmikle_item_title_color: #455FE0,rssmikle_item_border_bottom: on,rssmikle_item_description: on,item_link: on,rssmikle_item_description_length: 150,rssmikle_item_description_color: #666666,rssmikle_item_date: gl1,rssmikle_timezone: Etc/GMT,datetime_format: %b %e, %Y %l:%M:%S %p,item_description_style: text+tn,item_thumbnail: full,article_num: 15,rssmikle_item_podcast: off,keyword_inc: ,keyword_exc: };feedwind_show_widget_iframe(params);})();/script>div stylefont-size:10px; 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